三维碳凝胶基催化剂在CO_(2)催化转化中的应用研究进展

Research progress in application of three-dimensional carbon gel-based catalysts in CO_(2) catalytic conversion

随着化石能源的过度消耗和CO_(2)的大量排放,能源与环境问题日渐严重。将温室气体CO_(2)催化转化为高附加值的燃料和化学品,是解决能源短缺和环境问题的理想途径。光催化、电催化和热催化是CO_(2)催化转化的常用策略。在各种催化过程中,普遍存在载流子复合率高、催化剂团聚和催化剂回收困难等问题。三维碳凝胶因具有高导电性、高比表面积、高孔隙率、高CO_(2)吸附性、资源丰富和环境友好等特点,被应用于各类催化反应体系中。重点介绍了CO_(2)催化转化的理论基础以及光催化、电催化和热催化CO_(2)的原理、三维碳凝胶基催化剂在三类CO_(2)催化转化体系中的最新进展,并提出了三维碳凝胶基催化剂未来发展的机遇和挑战。

With the excessive consumption of fossil energy and the massive emission of CO_(2),energy and environmental problems have become increasingly serious.The catalytic conversion of greenhouse gas CO_(2) into high value-added fuels and chemicals is an ideal way to solve energy shortage and environmental pollution.Photocatalysis,electrocatalysis and thermal catalysis are commonly used strategies for catalytic conversion of CO_(2).The problems of high recombination rate of carriers,catalyst agglomeration and difficult recovery of catalyst are widespread in various catalytic processes.Three-dimensional carbon gels have been applied in various types of catalytic reaction systems due to their high conductivity,high specific surface area,high porosity,high CO_(2) adsorption,rich resources and environmental friendliness.The theoretical basis of CO_(2) catalytic conversion and the principles of photocatalysis,electrocatalysis and thermal catalysis of CO_(2) will be introduced.Furthermore,the recent progress of three-dimensional carbon gel-based catalysts in three types of CO_(2) catalytic conversion systems is focused.The future development opportunities and challenges of three-dimensional carbon gel-based catalysts are also put forward.