论汉代奏议的经典化——以《史记》为例

A Discussion on the Canonization of Memorials to the Emperor in Han Dynasty—Taking Historical Records as an example

汉代奏议是汉代散文的重要组成部分,也是汉代文学的代表文体之一。在其经典化过程中,以《史记》为代表的汉代史传文学发挥了重要作用。《史记》依据四条标准对汉代奏议进行了最早的筛选,按照四种类型对汉代奏议进行保存,这是汉代奏议经典化的前提条件。《史记》“以文传人”的撰写方法,也有力推动了汉代奏议的传播。《史记》还包含了汉代奏议的最早注解与评价资料,不仅为后世研究提供了丰富可靠的第一手材料,具有重要的参考价值,也是汉代奏议经典化的重要环节。在诸多因素的共同影响之下,汉代奏议的经典地位在汉代已得到初步确立。

Memorial in Han Dynasty,as an important part of Han Dynasty prose,is one of the representative styles of Han Dynasty literature.Han Dynasty historical literature represented by Historical Records played a huge role in the process of the canonization of memorial to the emperor.First,Historical Records renders the earliest selection of the memorials to the emperor in Han Dynasty according to the four criteria;second it preserved it according to the four types,and the selection and preservation forms the precondition for the canonization of the memorials to the emperor in the Han Dynasty.The writing method of Historical Records,“transmit people through literature”,also promoted the dissemination of the memorials to the emperor in the Han Dynasty strongly.In addition,Historical Records also contains the earliest annotating and evaluating materials of the memorials to the emperor in the Han Dynasty,which not only provides rich and reliable first-hand materials for later studies with important reference value,but also is an important link in the canonization of the memorials to the emperor in the Han Dynasty.Under the common influence of many factors,the classical status of the memorials to the emperor in the Han Dynasty has been established prelininarily in the Han Dynasty.