环状RNA在结直肠癌中的研究进展

Research progress of circular RNA in colorectal cancer

结直肠癌(CRC)作为全球第三大最常见的恶性肿瘤和第二大致命癌症,由于缺乏有效的药物治疗靶点和生物标志物,导致结直肠癌患者生存率较低。据报道,非编码RNA(ncRNA)对结直肠癌的发展至关重要,其中环状RNA(circRNA)是一种具有闭环结构的内源性非编码RNA,无5’帽子结构和3’ployA尾,不受RNA核酸外切酶(RNase)和放线菌素D的影响,参与微小的非编码RNA(miRNA)的海绵、基因转录和蛋白翻译、组蛋白的修饰、与RNA结合蛋白相互作用、铁死亡和细胞凋亡。越来越多的研究表明,circRNA与结直肠癌的增殖、侵袭、复发、转移以及化疗耐药有关。本文综述了circRNA的起源、结构特征、机制和生物学功能,并讨论了circRNA作为结直肠癌潜在的治疗靶点和生物标志物。

Colorectal cancer(CRC),the third most common malignant tumor and the second deadliest cancer in the world,has a poor survival rate among tumor patients due to the lack of efficient drug therapeutic targets and biomarkers.Non-coding RNA(ncRNA)has been reported to be critical for the development of CRC,in which circular RNA(circRNA)is an endogenous non-coding RNA characterized by a closed-loop structure without a 5’cap structure and 3’ployA tail,which is not affected by RNA exonuclease(RNase)and actinomycin D.It is involved in microRNA(miRNA)sponges,gene transcription and protein translation,histone modification,interaction with RNA-binding proteins,ferroptosis and apoptosis.Research has shown that circRNAs are associated with CRC proliferation,invasion,recurrence,metastasis,and chemoresistance.This article reviews the origin,structure,mechanism,and biological function of circRNAs and discusses circRNAs as potential therapeutic targets and biomarkers for CRC.