试论史前美术在南京地区的分布与艺术特点

A Brief Analysis of the Distribution and Artistic Characteristics of Prehistoric Art in Nanjing

该文旨在讨论史前美术与文明探源的关系,以南京地区为例,通过考古发掘情况、文物艺术赏析,浅析南京地区史前人类的生活、文化交流和文明演进。南京地区早期人类活跃及建设行为出现在距今五六千年前的新石器时代,人们形成了聚族而居、聚族而葬的原始村落,主要分布在秦淮河流域、金川河东至栖霞山,长江两岸直至六合的滁河等,文化上受到凌家滩文化、良渚文化的影响,其审美呈多样性发展,也体现南京区域位置的重要性,为之后的十朝都会奠定了基础。在对美术的实物史料进行规律分析后,美术的发展对复原未有文字或信息记录的原始社会有着特殊的作用。

This article aims to discuss the relationship between prehistoric art,and the origin of civilization,taking Nanjing and its surrounding areas as examples.Through archaeological excavations and cultural relic appreciations,this paper briefly analyzes the life,cultural exchanges,and evolution in civilization of prehistoric humans in Nanjing.Early human active and construction activities in Nanjing area appeared in the Neolithic Age,approximately 5,000 to 6,000 years ago.People formed primitive villages where families lived and buried together,mainly distributed in the Qinhuai River basin,from the east of Jinchuan River to Qixia Mountain,and on both sides of the Yangtze River to the Chu River in Liuhe.Culturally influenced by Lingjiatan culture and Liangzhu culture,the aesthetic development of Nanjing is diversified,which also reflects the importance of its geographical position and lays a foundation for becoming the later capital of ten dynasties.After analyzing the physical historical materials of fine arts,the development of fine arts plays a special role in restoring the primitive society without written or recorded information.