表征与隐喻:仪式乐舞的“礼”制表达——以瑶族“还盘王愿”仪式为例

Representation and Metaphor:the Expression of the"Ritual"System in Ritual Music and Dance——Taking the Yao Ethnic Group's"Returning King Pan's Wish"Ceremony as an Example

“礼”是中华优秀传统文化的基因,从非遗仪式中挖掘中华民族的根脉精神,体现出非遗当代传承与保护的重要意义。以贺州市瑶族“还盘王愿”仪式中的舞蹈为个案,利用人类学的方法,探索舞蹈在仪式过程中的深层象征意义,发现:仪式中舞蹈以器物、肢体、文本(喃词)为象征符号,构建了象征语境;仪式舞蹈中的器物与礼器、肢体与礼仪、文本(喃词)与礼制的关系阐释着中华民族以“礼”为核心的价值观念,为国家“礼”制的民间在场提供重要依据。中华传统文化中的“礼”制思想成为国家与瑶族民间互动的链条,形塑着瑶族人民对中华文化的认同。

"Li"is an excellent traditional cultural gene in China.By excavating the root spirit of the Chinese nation from intangible cultural heritage ceremonies,it reflects the important significance of contemporary inheritance and protection of intangible cultural heritage.Taking the dance of the Yao ethnic group in Hezhou City as a case study,this study uses anthropological methods and perspectives to explore the deep symbolic significance of dance in the ritual process.It is found that dance in the ritual is symbolized by objects,limbs,and text(ci),constructing a symbolic context.The relationship between objects and ritual vessels,limbs and ritual,and text(ci)and ritual in ritual dance explains the Chinese nation's core values of"ritual",providing important basis for the folk presence of the national"ritual"system.The"ritual"system in traditional Chinese culture has become an interactive chain between the state and the Yao people,shaping the Yao people's recognition of Chinese culture.