The current status and reflections on 3D in vitro modeling of liver metastasis in colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer(CRC)ranks as the third most prevalent cancer worldwide and is identified as the second leading cause of cancer-related fatalities(1).The liver is the most common site for distant metastasis in CRC,with approximately 20%to 25%of newly diagnosed patients experiencing liver metastasis.As the disease progresses,this proportion can increase to as high as 50%(2),making it a primary cause of death in CRC patients.