永久性结肠造口居家患者社会疏离感现状及其影响因素

Current status and influencing factors of social alienation in home-based patients with permanent colostomy

目的探究永久性结肠造口居家患者社会疏离感现状及其影响因素。方法选择2021年10月—2022年12月医院收治的永久性结肠造口居家患者共110例为调查对象,采用自制一般资料问卷、交往焦虑量表、家庭关怀度指数量表等进行测评,通过Pearson相关性检验分析永久性结肠造口居家患者社会疏离感与家庭关怀度的相关性,采用单因素、多元线性回归分析筛选永久性结肠造口居家患者社会疏离感的影响因素。结果永久性结肠造口居家患者交往焦虑量表评分为47.83±6.21分,家庭关怀度指数量表评分为7.08±2.15分,社会影响量表评分为78.52±4.39分,居家管理自评量表评分为137.85±14.62分;Pearson相关性检验显示,永久结肠造口居家患者交往焦虑量表总分与造口后时间、家庭关怀度指数量表总分、简易应对方式问卷总分、居家管理自评量表总分呈负相关性(r=-0.352~-0.204,P<0.05),与年住院次数、社会影响量表总分呈正相关性(r=0.185~0.374,P<0.05);多元线性回归分析显示,永久性结肠造口居家患者社会疏离感的影响因素有造口后时间、年住院次数、造口自护、应对方式、病耻感、家庭关怀度(P<0.05)。结论永久性结肠造口居家患者社会疏离感处于中等水平,且永久性结肠造口居家患者社会疏离感影响因素复杂,临床应强化心理干预,协同患者家属以加强家庭关怀,从而缓解其社会疏离感。

Objective To explore the current status and influencing factors of social alienation in home-based patients with permanent colostomy.Methods A total of 110 home-based patients with permanent colostomy who were admitted to the hospital from October 2021 to December 2022 were selected as survey subjects.Assessment was conducted using a self-made general information questionnaire,Interaction Anxiousness Scale,Family Apgar Index Scale,etc.Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between social alienation and family care level in home-based patients with permanent colostomy.Univariate and multivariate linear regression analysis was used to screen the factors influencing social alienation in home-based patients with permanent colostomy.Results The Interaction Anxiousness Scale score of home-based patients with permanent colostomy was 47.83±6.21 points,the Family Apgar Index Scale score was 7.08±2.15 points,the Social Impact Scale score was 78.52±4.39 points,and the Self-Assessment Scale score for home management was 137.85±14.62 points.Pearson correlation test showed that the total Interaction Anxiousness Scale score of home-based patients with permanent colostomy was negatively correlated with the time since stoma creation,the total Family Apgar Index Scale score,the total Simplifi ed Coping Style Questionnaire score,and the total score of Self-Assessment Scale for home management(r=-0.352~-0.204,P<0.05).It was positively correlated with the number of hospitalizations per year and the total Social Impact Scale score(r=0.185~0.374,P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of social alienation in home-based patients with permanent colostomy include the time since stoma creation,number of hospitalizations per year,stoma self-care,coping strategies,stigma,and level of family care(P<0.05).Conclusion The social alienation of home-based patients with permanent colostomy is at a moderate level,and the factors influencing social alienation of patients with permanent colostomy are complex.Clinically,psychological intervention should be strengthened,and family care should be enhanced in collaboration with patients'families to alleviate their sense of social alienation.