超表面的矢量光场调控

Vectorial optical fields manipulation via metasurfaces

矢量光场由于其独特的光场分布特性,在许多领域都得到了广泛且深入的研究与应用。传统光场调控手段受限于材料的光学特性及物理尺寸,难以实现灵活高效的动态操控功能。超表面凭借其亚波长结构设计所带来的额外自由度,突破了上述局限,使得对矢量光场的振幅、相位、偏振态乃至传播方向等的独立调控成为可能。本文结合国内外矢量光场领域的基础理论及最新进展,系统地阐述了矢量光场的基本原理及其数学模型,重点介绍了目前超表面生成矢量光场的方法,以及这种矢量光场在聚焦、轨道角动量检测、高精度定位等方面应用的具体案例与创新成果。

Due to their unique field distribution properties,vectorial optical fields have been extensively researched and applied across various domains.However,traditional methods for controlling optical fields are limited by material properties and physical dimensions,which restrict flexible and efficient dynamic manipulation capabilities.In contrast,metasurfaces overcome these constraints with subwavelength structural designs that provide additional degrees of freedom for independent control over attributes such as amplitude,phase,polarization,and propagation direction of vectorial optical fields.This paper systematically combines foundational theories with recent advancements in domestic and international research on vectorial optical fields to elucidate the fundamental principles and mathematical models underlying them.It particularly focuses on current methodologies using metasurfaces to generate vectorial optical fields,along with specific case studies and innovative outcomes in applications including focusing,orbital angular momentum detection,and high-precision positioning.