复杂结构光场的多自由度协同调控技术研究进展

Advances on the manipulation of structured beams with multiple degrees of freedom

对光场各自由度的单一或协同调控获得的结构光场由于具有新颖的物理性质,展现了重要的研究意义和应用价值。例如,轨道角动量作为一种全新的调控自由度直接影响光场相位与空间分布,常通过单独作用或共同作用构造高维空间,调控生成的涡旋光场及矢量光场已广泛应用于超大容量光通信、遥感探测、量子通信等领域。在此基础上,针对日益发展的前沿应用需求,引入新的光场调控自由度与传统自由度结合,进一步拓展高维和多维的结构光场研究成为了亟待解决的问题。本文首先从双自由度调控技术出发,以矢量涡旋光场为重点介绍了两种典型内癝自由度的耦合以及作用方式;在此基础上,结合本课题组的相关工作,系统综述了超越传统自由度并打破双自由度数目限制的复杂结构光场调控技术。

Structured beams manipulated by single or multiple degrees of freedom(DoFs)present novel physical properties,showing important research significance and practical value.Among them,orbital angular momentum(OAM),as a novel DoF,directly decides the phase and spatial distribution of laser beams.The independent manipulation of OAM or the coupled manipulation with spin angular momentum enables the construction of high-dimensional Hilbert space,which has already found broad applications in domains like ultra-large capacity optical communication,remote sensing detection and quantum communication.On this basis,considering the rapidly evolving application requirements,there is still a significant challenge to integrate the novel degrees of freedom with the traditional degrees of freedom,limiting the extension and expansion of high-dimensional and multi-dimensional structured beams.In this paper,from the perspective of two-degree-of-freedom manipulation methods,a series of structured beams coupled by two intrinsic DoFs is reviewed with emphasis on the vectorial vortex beams.Furthermore,we systematically review the manipulation of complex structured beams with multiple degrees of freedom that overcome the limitations of conventional two-degree-of-freedom.Also,the related work of our team is discussed here.