白洋淀流域地下水水化学特征及主要离子来源

Groundwater Hydrochemical Characteristics and Main Ion Sources in Baiyangdian Basin

地下水是水资源的重要组成部分,也是流域水循环的关键过程之一。文章以白洋淀流域为研究对象,运用Piper三线图、离子比例系数法,结合正向演替模型,明晰地下水中主要离子来源及影响因素。结果表明:(1)白洋淀流域地下水主要阳离子为Na+,主要阴离子为HCO_(3)^(-),浅层地下水水化学类型主要为Ca·Mg-HCO_(3)和Ca·Mg-HCO_(3)·NO_(3),深层地下水水化学类型主要为Na-HCO_(3)和Na·Mg-HCO_(3)。(2)岩石风化是地下水中离子的主要来源,其中,碳酸盐岩风化占主导地位(47.83%),其后为硅酸盐岩(29.65%)与蒸发盐岩(13.52%)。(3)主要离子受岩石风化、溶滤、阳离子交替吸附作用和人类活动的共同影响,山前冲洪积平原区浅层地下水主要受农业活动影响,白洋淀周边浅层地下水受工业活动影响大。研究成果可为白洋淀流域及雄安新区的水生态环境保护和改善提供支撑。

Groundwater plays a vital role in water resources and a key process of watershed water cycle.Baiyangdian basin was taken as the typical area to analyze the major ion sources and influence factors by using Piper diagram,ion ratio coefficient method,and forward succession model.The results show that the major cation in groundwater in the Baiyangdian Basin is Na+,and the major anion is HCO_(3)^(-).The hydrochemical types of shallow groundwater are mainly Ca·Mg-HCO_(3)and Ca·Mg-HCO_(3)·NO_(3),while deep groundwater types are mainly Na-HCO_(3)and Na·Mg-HCO_(3).Rock weathering is the main source of ions in groundwater,with carbonate rock weathering contributing the most(47.83%),followed by silicate rock(29.65%)and evaporite rock(13.52%).The major ions are influenced by rock weathering,dissolution-filtration processes,cation exchange,and human activities.In the piedmont alluvial plain area,agricultural activities have a significant impact on shallow groundwater,while shallow groundwater near Baiyangdian is more influenced by industrial activities.These research findings can provide valuable insights and guidance for the protection and improvement of the water ecological environment in the Baiyangdian Basin and Xiong’an New Area.