基于失效卫星轨道数据的空间环境评估方法

Evaluation Method of Space Environment Based on Inactive Satellite Orbital Data

卫星姿轨控系统失效后,在空间自由漂浮,空间环境的长期影响及其变化将直接在失效卫星的轨道参数的微弱变化中体现。本文研究了失效卫星轨道根数数据用于原位溯源空间环境长周期扰动影响的可行性及方法,基于非均匀采样傅里叶变换手段,实现公开卫星轨道数据的长周期频率特征提取,并与太阳活动相关的空间环境影响周期匹配。通过大数据分析多颗失效卫星公开轨道数据,以卫星轨道倾角为例,识别出太阳活动相关的空间环境对低轨卫星轨道摄动的周期400、89和13.5 d。该方法为失效卫星轨道数据的利用挖掘提供了新思路。

When a satellite suffered an attitude and orbital control system failure,it would float freely in space,and then the long-term impacts and changes of the space environment will be directly reflected in the weak changes of its orbital parameters.In this paper,the feasibility and method for the in-situ traceability of long-time space environment impacts based on the orbital parameter data of inactive satellites are studied.Based on the non-uniform Fourier transform(NUFT)method,the long-term frequency characteristics of open satellite orbital data are extracted.The results show obvious periodic disturbance related to the solar activity.From the analysis on the open orbital inclination data of several inactive satellites,it is identified that the periods of solar activity related space environment on the orbital perturbations of low-orbit satellites are 400 d,89 d,and 13.5 d.This method puts forward a new idea for the utilization of inactive satellite orbital data.