阿尔茨海默病激越症状的非药物治疗现状与展望

Current situation and prospect of non-drug treatment of agitated symptoms of Alzheimer disease

阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer disease,AD)俗称老年性痴呆,是痴呆中最常见的一种类型,会导致认知功能进行性损害,通常伴发多种精神症状,例如激越症状。AD患者的激越症状常导致照料者负担显著增加,且目前的精神类药物可能加重患者认知障碍和运动迟缓等不良反应。因此,非药物干预是一种非常重要的辅助治疗选择。本文综述了激越症状的临床表现、可能的发生机制、药物治疗及非药物干预措施,以期为AD的更多有效治疗提供参考。

Alzheimer disease(AD),commonly known as senile dementia,is the most common type of dementia,resulting in progressive impairment of cognitive function,and is often accompanied by a variety of psychiatric symptoms,such as agitation.Agitated symptoms in AD patients often cause an increasing burden on caregivers,and current psychiatric medications may exacerbate adverse effects such as cognitive impairment and motor retardation in patients.Therefore,non-drug intervention is a very important adjuvant treatment option.This article reviews the clinical manifestations,possible mechanisms,drug therapy and nondrug intervention measures of agitation in order to provide reference for more effective treatment of AD.