铁路罐车封头冷冲压成形试验研究

An experimental study of the cold stamping forming of railway tank head

通过对封头成形工艺的对比分析,根据铁路罐车封头需求量大、成形质量要求高的特点,制定了厚壁封头冷冲压成形工艺。通过试验研究的方法对EHA 3000×22(19)-Q345R GB/T 25198厚板冷冲压封头成形前、后的外形尺寸、壁厚、力学性能等变化规律进行了分析研究。对封头成形前后的各项试验数据进行对比分析,掌握了厚壁封头冷冲压的成形规律;通过5组封头热处理试验掌握了热处理对冷成形封头性能的影响规律,提高了冷冲压封头的性能,确保了冷冲压封头的成形质量,保证了铁路罐车的运行安全。

Based on a comparative analysis of the tank head forming process and the characteristics of high demand and high forming quality requirements for railway tank heads,a cold stamping forming process for thick-walled tank head has been developed.The changes in external dimensions,wall thickness,and mechanical properties of EHA 3000×22(19)-Q345R GB/T 25198 thick plate cold stamping tank head before and after the forming operation are analyzed and studied through experimental research.Comparative analysis is conducted on various test data before and after the forming operation,and the forming rules of the cold stamping process for thick-walled heads are fully understood;Through 5 sets of head heat treatment experiments,the influence of heat treatment on the performance of cold formed heads is learnt,which in turn could improve the performance of cold stamped heads,ensure the forming quality of cold stamped heads,and therefore ensure the safe operation of railway tank cars.