致病与治病:魏晋南北朝志怪小说中“疾病”的想象与文化隐喻

On Imagination and Cultural Metaphor of“Disease”in Strange Novels in Wei,Jin,Southern and Northern Dynasties

魏晋南北朝志怪小说对致病的记述,有政治失序、鬼神妖物魅精怪、善恶因果报应和未知怪异等,治病的方法则有卜筮符咒、悔过念佛、上章忏悔解罪、草药医方和民间俗信等,不仅是编作者的搜奇好异,更有其深层次的文化隐喻。疾病本来是医学问题,志怪小说中的疾病叙述却成了映射出社会文化生活的记录。疾病的叙述,由人体反常状态,隐喻整个政治社会文化的败坏。

In descriptions of diseases in the strange novels in Wei,Jin,Southern and Northern Dynasties,there are political disorder,ghosts and monsters,karma between good and evil,and unknown strangeness,etc.The treatment methods include divination spells,repentance and chanting Buddha,confession of sins,herbal remedies and folk beliefs,which are not only the authors’curiosity,but also their deep-seated cultural metaphors.The disease was originally a medical problem,but the disease narrative in the strange novels had become a record that reflected the social and cultural life.The narration of disease,superficially the abnormal state of human body,is a metaphor for the corruption of the whole political,social and cultural life.