民航飞行教员合作能力测评方法研究

Exploration of the assessment method for collaborative proficiency of civil aviation flight instructors

为实现民航飞行教员合作能力的量化评价,基于合作问题解决(Collaborative Problem Solving,CPS)框架提出了一种飞行教员合作能力测评方法并进行实例验证。首先,结合飞行教员工作情境及任务需求,采用21世纪能力的教学与评价(Assessment and Teaching of 21st Century Skills,ATC21S)项目开发的CPS框架,以情景问答形式设计合作能力测评方案;通过实施专家问卷,证实了CPS框架在飞行教员应对极端飞行情景下的适用性及测试设计合理性;最后,开发了民航飞行教员合作能力测评系统模块,应用该模块采集了飞行教员数据进行验证。结果表明:CPS框架可以用于民航飞行教员的合作能力评估;同时,社会技能(参与、观点采纳和社交管理),尤其是适应性响应是影响飞行教员合作能力水平的关键因素。基于CPS框架的民航飞行教员合作能力测评方法具有适用性和推广价值,为下一步开展飞行教员能力测评、选拔及训练提供了基础和参考。

This study sought to quantify the cooperation ability of civil aviation flight instructors by utilizing the Collaborative Problem Solving(CPS) framework proposed by the Assessment and Teaching of 21st Century Skills(ATC21S).Through this innovative approach,an evaluation method for assessing flight instructor cooperation abilities was developed and validated using a specific example.Firstly,a comparative analysis of various domestic and international studies on cooperation ability evaluation was conducted to determine the appropriate research tools and methods.Subsequently,the CPS framework was restructured based on the problem-solving processes of typical air crash crews,taking into account the work environment and task requirements specific to flight instructors.A cooperation ability evaluation scheme,in the form of situational questionnaires,was devised.Alongside the implementation of expert questionnaires,the CPS competency scale was revised following a content validity analysis to ensure its suitability for assessing the competency of civil aviation flight instructors.Through expert questionnaires,the applicability of the CPS framework in extreme flight scenarios and the rationality of the test design were confirmed.Following this,the UI design was carried out using Adobe XD software,and the civil aviation flight instructor cooperation ability evaluation system was developed through C++ and Java programming.The Huawei MatePad10.4 platform was utilized for system verification with flight instructor data.The outcomes revealed that the CPS framework effectively assesses the cooperation ability of civil aviation flight instructors,aligning with crucial elements of core competencies expected of civil aviation pilots.Social skills,particularly adaptive responses such as attitude towards others' views,play a pivotal role in determining the level of cooperation ability among flight instructors.These skills are often influenced by traditional flight training modes and military aviation management backgrounds,resulting in unidirectional characteristics in both flight style and teaching style.The evaluation method based on the CPS framework demonstrates applicability and potential for broader adoption within the industry,offering valuable insights for their evaluation,training,and selection in the future.