备战洛杉矶奥运会背景下我国奥运会各项目发展状况及启示

Development Status of Olympic Sports in China during the Preparation for the Los Angeles Olympics and its insights

本文以近3届奥运会我国各项目的夺牌情况为研究对象,基于比较优势理论,对我国奥运会各项目的发展特征进行分析。研究发现:近3届奥运会我国各项目布局表现出以下特征:比较优势项目稳定提升,新兴项目添金夺彩;比较潜优势项目中部分项目转换为优势项目;比较弱势项目数量较多,多数弱势项目急需突破。在对近3届奥运会各项目发展状况深入研判的基础上,提出备战洛杉矶奥运会的启示:发挥“举国体制”优越性,形成中国特色奥运备战机制;巩固传统优势项目,开辟我国奥运夺牌新路径;科学实施“跨界跨项选材”,推动我国奥运弱势项目发展等。

This paper examines China's medal-winning results of sports over the last three Olympic Games,utilizing the theory of comparative advantage as a theoretical basis to analyze the developmental characteristics of these sports.It is found that that the distribution of sports in the last three Olympic Games exhibits the following characteristics:stable improvement in sports with comparative advantages,and emerging sports achieving notable success;some sports with comparative potential are transitioning into advantageous categories;a significant number of comparatively underrepresented sports urgently require breakthroughs.Based on an in-depth analysis of the development status of various sports in the past three Olympic Games,the paper proposes several insights for China's preparations for the Olympics in Los Angeles:leveraging the advantages of the“system for mobilizing resources nationwide”to establish a Chinese characteristic Olympic preparation mechanism;consolidating traditional advantageous sports while exploring new pathways for medal-winning;and scientifically implementing“cross-sport and cross-discipline talent selection”to promote the development of China's underrepresented Olympic sports.