美国功能农业政策、产业发展对中国的启示

The Functional Agricultural Policies,Industrial Development of the United States and their Implications to China

目前在美国,功能农业及相关产品尚未存在宏观的法定定义,主要以包括膳食补充剂、营养强化产品、农业生物工程产品等多种类型存在。本研究基于政府法规、权威报道以及相关学术研究资料,梳理分析美国目前对于功能农业的战略规划布局、监管标准体系以及产业发展状况,总结美国功能农业的发展经验及不足,并由此探讨美国功能农业政策和产业发展对于中国的启示及建议。本研究认为,中国一方面可以借鉴美国的成功经验,加大对功能农业的政策扶植力度,强化功能农业相关的科研创新能力,深化产学互通融合,积极推动功能农业及其相关产业发展;另一方面,中国也应认识到目前美国功能农业由于缺少宏观管控而带来的风险,进一步建立并规范监管标准,健全功能性农产品的市场准入机制,从而使功能农业在中国良性健康发展。

Currently,there is no legal definition of functional agriculture and its byproducts in the United States.They predominantly exist as dietary supplement,fortified products,and bioengineering products.Based on legal and governmental documents,authoritative reports,and related academic research,this article analyzed the policy planning,regulatory framework,and the industrial development of functional agriculture in the United States.By summarizing useful experience and shortcomings of the development of functional agriculture in the US,this article also discussed the implication for the development of functional agriculture in China.In conclusion,this article believed that,on the one hand,China can learn from the successful experience of the United States,strengthen both supportive policy and innovative technologies to further develop functional agriculture.Also,China should deepen the integration of industry and learning in the field of functional agriculture,which could actively promote the development of related industries.On the other hand,China should also recognize the regulatory risks in the United States'functional agriculture.Therefore,China should further establish and standardize related regulations,and improve market access mechanisms for functional agricultural products,which would lead the healthy development of China's functional agriculture.