基于Kano模型的城市地下综合体空间要素感知测量及优化--以成都SKP为例

Spatial Element Perception Measurement and Optimization of Urban Underground Complex Based on Kano Model:A Case Study of Chengdu SKP

城市地下综合体兼具地下空间和综合性建筑特征,在物理、心理层面都具有特殊性与复杂性。文章通过测量地下综合体空间要素的感知属性和质量状态,评估当前实践方法是否匹配使用者需求。以成都SKP为例,借助经学科适应性改进的Kano模型,通过问卷获取使用者在要素升级、降级和维持现状情景下的感知评价,识别各空间要素对满意度的影响机制,据此将空间要素划分为基本型、魅力型、期望型、反向型、双向型和无差别型六类。最后结合感知力和满意度,提出针对“高感知力+低满意度”“高感知力+高满意度”“低感知力+低满意度”和“低感知力+高满意度”四类特征空间要素的优化顺序和路径建议。

The urban underground complex possesses both underground space and comprehensive architectural features,and is unique and complex both physically and psychologically.This study explores the perceptual attributes and quality status of key spatial elements within the underground complex from a perceptual perspective to assess whether the current practice methods meet users’needs.Taking SKP in Chengdu as an example,by using the Kano model modified through discipline adaptation,users’evaluations under the scenarios of factor upgrade,downgrade,and maintenance the status quo are obtained through questionnaires.Then,we analyze the mechanism by which spatial quality affects satisfaction,and classify the spatial elements into six categories of perceptual attributes:must-be,one-dimensional,attractive,reverse,indifferent,and bidirectional features.Finally,combined with comprehensive perception and satisfaction,we propose the improvement priority and way for spatial elements for four types of features:high perception and low satisfaction,high perception and high satisfaction,low perception and low satisfaction,and low perception and high satisfaction.