Microbiome-friendly PS/PVP electrospun fibrous membrane with antibiofilm properties for dental engineering

Dental caries is one of the most prevalent and biofilm-associated oral diseases in humans.Streptococcus mutans,with a high ability to form biofilms by adhering to hard surfaces,has been established as an important etiological agent for dental caries.Therefore,it is crucial to find a way to prevent the formation of cariogenic biofilm.Here,we report an electrospun fibrous membrane that could inhibit the adhesion and biofilm formation of S.mutans.Also,the polystyrene(PS)/polyvinyl pyrrolidone(PVP)electrospun fibrous membrane altered the 3D biofilm architecture and decreased water-insoluble extracellular polysaccharide production.Notably,the anti-adhesion mechanism which laid in Coulomb repulsion between the negatively charged PS/PVP electrospun fibrous membrane and S.mutans was detected by zeta potential.Furthermore,metagenomics sequencing analysis and CCK-8 assay indicated that PS/PVP electrospun fibrous membrane was microbiome-friendly and displayed no influence on the cell viability of human gingival epithelial cells and human oral keratinocytes.Moreover,an in vitro simulation experiment demonstrated that PS/PVP electrospun fibrous membrane could decrease colony-forming unit counts of S.mutans effectively,and PS/PVP electrospun fibrous membrane carrying calcium fluoride displayed better anti-adhesion ability than that of PS/PVP electrospun fibrous membrane alone.Collectively,this research showed that the PS/PVP electrospun fibrous membrane has potential applications in controlling and preventing dental caries.