秦巴山区生态系统服务供需与人类活动强度的时空变化及其耦合关系

Spatio⁃temporal changes of ecosystem service supply and demand and human activity intensity in Qinling⁃Daba Mountains and its coupling relationship

生态系统服务的供需关系人类自身福祉,人类活动又是影响生态系统服务供需的主要因素,将两者进行耦合性分析,对提升区域生态环境质量提供切实可行的依据。在评估秦巴山区2000—2018年生态系统服务供需基础上,构建人类活动强度指标,并通过四象限分析模型,将生态系统服务供需和人类活动相耦合,来探究秦巴山区的生态环境质量状况。研究结果表明:(1)2000—2018年秦巴山区生态系统服务盈余量丰富,4种生态系统服务处于盈余状态,并且生态系统服务的供需空间特征的差异性越来越明显。(2)人类活动强度在空间上有明显的空间异质性,从东向西人类活动强度逐渐减小,高值区主要在人口集聚的城区,低值区在高山寒冷区。(3)秦巴山区大面积区域生态环境质量较好,但是也有13.64%的像元和20个县是处于生态环境质量较差的水平。通过近几年的生态工程的实施,秦巴山区的生态环境质量还是得到了很大的提升。通过生态系统供需和人类活动耦合研究,可以为山区分区调控管理和生态环境质量的提升具有一定的借鉴意义。

The supply and demand of ecosystem services are related to human′s own well-being and human activities are the main factors affecting the supply and demand of ecosystem services.Coupling analysis of the two can provide a practical basis for improving the quality of regional ecological environment.In this study,based on the supply and demand evaluation of ecosystem services in the Qinling-Daba Mountains from 2000 to 2018,we constructed human activity intensity indicators and coupling ecosystem service supply and demand with human activities through a four-quadrant analysis model to explore the ecological and environmental quality status of the Qinling-Daba Mountains.The results showed that:(1)The surplus of ecosystem services in the Qinling-Daba Mountain area was abundant from 2000 to 2018,four ecosystem services were in surplus,and the variability of the spatial characteristics of supply and demand of ecosystem services became more and more obvious.(2)There was obviously spatial heterogeneity in human activity intensity,with human activity intensity gradually decreasing from east to west,with high value areas mainly in populated urban areas and low value areas in high mountain cold areas.(3)The ecological and environmental quality of a large area in the Qinling-Daba Mountain area was good,but 13.64%of the pixels and 20 counties were in the poor level of ecological environment quality.Through the implementation of ecological projects in recent years,the quality of the ecological environment in the Qinling-Daba Mountains has been greatly improved.Through the coupling study of ecosystem supply and demand and human activities,it can provide a certain reference for the regulation and management of mountainous areas and the improvement of ecological environment quality.