恢复生态学的整合性发展与趋势

Integrated development and future trends of restoration ecology

恢复生态学是研究生态系统退化的类型与原因、生态恢复的过程与机理、生态重建的技术与方法的一门科学,是具有重大社会需求的前沿学科.本文从国内外恢复生态学学科发展出发,结合中山大学的学科研究进展,对恢复生态学的整合性发展与趋势进行综述.恢复生态学在理论的实践性、学科交叉、景观设计和解决全球变化等问题方面进行深入研究.同时,恢复生态学立足于在物种和生境等多个方面满足社会的重大需求,包括通过构建生态恢复参照系,应对水分、土壤和气候变化等生境要素开展恢复生态学的理论和实践研究.实际案例中,最有特色的工作是快速恢复多种退化生态系统理论与技术,构建入侵植物的生态控制技术体系以解决入侵物种反复暴发的世界难题.未来也将在各个角度继续深入研究,全面支撑恢复生态学的学科发展和服务社会重大需求.

Restoration ecology is a cutting-edge scientific discipline that addresses substantial social needs by studying the types and causes of ecosystem degradation,the processes and mechanisms of ecological restoration,and the techniques and protocols of ecosystem reconstruction.In this article,we review the integrative trends and global development in the restoration ecology discipline,focusing on the scientific contributions made by Sun Yat-sen University.Recent advancements in this discipline involve the practicability of restoration theories,interdisciplinarity,landscape design,and strategies to combat the impacts of global changes.In particular,we focus on cases wherein social needs were addressed through species-and environment-based techniques,such as constructing ecological restoration reference systems and enhancing adaptation to abiotic factors,such as water,soil,and climate conditions.During the past half a century,considerable achievements have been realized in restoring various degraded ecosystems,controlling and restoring invaded ecosystems,and providing potential solutions to the challenge of repeated invasion outbreaks.In the future,Sun Yat-sen University will continue investigating the key aspects of ecological restoration to fully support the scientific and social needs of the restoration ecology discipline.