面向多区域防洪的珠江流域水库群协同调度模型研究

Reserch on the multi-regional coordinated flood operation model of reservoir group in the Pearl River Basin

珠江流域洪水组成与遭遇复杂多变,防洪保护对象多而分散,且兼顾供水、生态、发电、航运、库区安全等多种任务,水库群防洪调度面临多区域、多目标协同调度技术难题。以位于西江、北江、东江上的水库为研究对象,基于流域防洪格局和防洪任务阐明了水库群多区域协同防洪的调度节点和角色定位,提出了嵌套式多维属性的模型功能结构,构建了珠江流域水库群多区域协同防洪调度模型。以流域防洪极为不利的2005年6月中下游型大洪水为例进行流域水库群防洪调度模型研究,结果表明,通过龙滩水库加大拦蓄,岩滩水库、百色水库、西津水库、飞来峡水库等西江、北江水库群协同调度,可将西江梧州站洪峰流量削减至安全泄量50 400 m^(3)/s以下,较原设计调度方案多削减3 200 m^(3)/s,将三角洲思贤滘(马口+三水)断面洪峰削减至62 700 m^(3)/s,较原设计调度方案多削减4 500 m^(3)/s,有效保障了粤港澳大湾区城市的防洪安全。

The flood composition is complex and changeable in the Pearl River Basin,the flood protection objects are numerous and scattered,and multiple tasks such as water supply,ecology,power generation,shipping,reservoir area security,etc.should be taken into account.There are some technical problems on multi-region and multi-objective coordinated flood operation for reservoir groups in the Pearl River Basin.Taking the reservoirs located on the Xijiang River,Beijiang River and Dongjiang River as the research objects,based on the flood control pattern and tasks of the whole basin,the operation node and role positioning of multi-region coordinated flood control of reservoir group are clarified,the nested multi dimension attribute model functional structure is proposed,and the multi-region coordinated flood operation model of reservoir group in the Pearl River Basin is constructed.Taking the June 2005 flood that occurs in the middle and lower reaches,which is extremely unfavorable for flood control in the river basin,as an example,the flood regulation practice of the basinal reservoir group was carried out.The results showed that by increasing the storage capacity of Longtan Reservoir,and coordinating the operation of the reservoirs in Xijiang and Beijiang Rivers such as Yantan,Baise,Xijin,and Feilaixia reservoirs,the peak flow of Wuzhou Station in the Xijiang River can be reduced to below the safe discharge capacity of 50 400 m^(3)/s,which is lower some 3 200 m^(3)/s than the original designed scheduling plan,and the peak flow of Sixianjiao section(Makou+Sanshui) in the Pearl River Delta can be reduced to 62 700 m^(3)/s,compared to the original designed scheduling plan with the reduction of 4 500 m^(3)/s,effectively ensures the flood safety of the cities in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.