非编码RNA在植物生长发育及逆境响应中的研究进展

Recent Advances of Non-coding RNA in Plant Growth,Development and Stress Response

非编码RNA(ncRNA)是一类不具备蛋白质编码能力但有多种生物学功能的RNA分子,广泛存在于各种生物体内。随着高通量测序技术的不断完善,大量的非编码RNA被鉴定出来,其功能和作用机制也逐渐被阐释。大量研究表明,非编码RNA在植物生长发育和逆境胁迫响应中发挥重要作用。尽管对某一类非编码RNA调控植物生长发育及逆境响应的总结有很多,但缺少对非编码RNA系统而全面的总结。因此,该文首先简要介绍非编码RNA的分类及特征,随后重点介绍非编码RNA在植物生长发育,如种子休眠和萌发、根和叶的生长发育、花和果实的发育以及果实成熟方面的作用,最后对非编码RNA在逆境胁迫响应中的功能及作用机制进行总结,旨在全面论述非编码RNA在植物生长发育和胁迫响应中的分子调控机理,以期为改良品种、提高农林业生产的产量和品质提供参考。

Non-coding RNA(ncRNA)is a class of RNA molecules that do not have the ability of protein coding but have a variety of biological functions,and widely exist in various organisms.With the continuous improvement of high-throughput sequencing technology,a large number of ncRNAs have been identified,and their functions and mechanisms of action are gradually being elucidated.A large number of studies have shown that ncRNAs play an important role in plant growth,development and response to stress.Although there are many reviews on the regulation of plant growth,development and stress response by a certain class of ncRNAs,it still lacks systematic and comprehensive summaries for all ncRNAs.This review first briefly introduced the classification and characterization of non-coding RNAs,followed by a focus on their roles in various stages of plant growth and development,such as seed dormancy and germination,root and leaf growth and development,flower and fruit development,fruit ripening.Furthermore,we summarized the functions and mechanisms of ncRNAs in response to stress.This review provides some theoretical references for improving varieties and improving the yield and quality of agricultural and forestry production.