不同教育层次中医药人才培养情况分析

Analysis on training of TCM talents at different educational levels in China

目的通过分析近10年来中医药人才培养数据,梳理目前中医药教育各层次、各专业的结构变化并提出建议,旨在为中医药教育政策的制定提供相应参考。方法采用结构变动度和高等教育发展层次指数分析近10年来中医教育相关数据。结果中医普通高等教育中各教育层次结构和结构变动贡献率均呈现出本科>硕士>博士的金字塔形;护理学(类)专业普通高等教育发展层次指数变化不大;高等职业教育(专科)层次护理类专业占比最高;高等教育层次结构中高职(专科)占比较高且呈上升趋势。结论为推动中医药教育发展,应重视中医药高层次人才培养,提高中医药研究生比例,合理布局中医护理专业方向,优化高职(专科)专业结构,并适时调整中医药高等教育层次结构。

Objective By analyzing the training data of Chinese medicine talents over the past 10 years,this study aims to understand the structural changes in Chinese medicine education across different levels and majors,and to provide recommendations for the formulation of Chinese medicine education policies.Methods The data related to traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)education from the past decade were analyzed using the structural change degree and the higher education development level index.Results The hierarchical structure and the contribution rate of structural changes in TCM general higher education exhibit a pyramid shape:undergraduate>master>doctor.The development level index for general higher education in nursing specialties showed little change.Higher vocational education(junior college)nursing majors accounted for the highest proportion;in the hierarchy of higher education,the proportion of higher vocational colleges is relatively high and shows an upward trend.Conclusion To promote the development of TCM education,it is essential to focus on the cultivation of high-level TCM talents.This can be achieved by increasing the proportion of TCM postgraduates,rationally planning the direction of TCM nursing specialties,optimizing the structure of higher vocational programs,and timely adjusting the hierarchical structure of TCM higher education.