基于自我损耗理论的实习护生昼夜节律类型对工作沉浸影响的探讨

Exploring the impact of circadian rhythm types on job engagement of nursing interns based on ego depletion theory

目的基于自我损耗理论,探讨昼夜节律类型与实习护生工作沉浸的相关性,为实习护生未来职业规划及护理管理制度的改善提供参考性依据。方法选取广州市某三甲医院实习护生作为研究对象,使用自制一般资料调查表、昼夜节律类型量表(CTI)、工作沉浸量表(WOLF)进行问卷调查。运用Pearson相关性模型分析昼夜节律类型与工作沉浸总分的相关性。对不同人口学特征实习护生的工作沉浸得分情况进行t检验和方差分析,最后采用多元逐步回归分析昼夜节律类型对工作沉浸的影响。结果问卷调查共发放问卷155份,回收有效问卷130份,有效回收率为83.87%。问卷统计发现,实习护生的工作沉浸和昼夜节律类型总分均较低。不同生源地、就读原因、近1个月夜班次数,困倦/活力,灵活性/刚性,昼夜节律量表总分,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。多元逐步回归分析显示,近1个月的夜班次数、灵活性/刚性、困倦/活力、生源地是工作沉浸的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论实习护生昼夜节律类型不同会影响自我损耗资源的恢复从而对工作沉浸造成影响。昼夜节律类型中灵活性/刚性与工作沉浸呈正相关,困倦/活力、昼夜节律量表总分和工作沉浸呈负相关。因此,实习护生应通过积极主动融入新环境提高自己的工作热情,同时提高睡眠质量,减少自我损耗,规范自身昼夜节律类型;而教学医院和学校管理者应规范临床带教制度,合理安排夜班次数,提高实习护生的工作沉浸。

Objective Based on ego depletion theory,this study explores the correlation between circadian rhythm types and job engagement of nursing interns,providing reference for future career planning and improvement of nursing management systems.Methods Nursing interns from a tertiary hospital in Guangzhou were selected as the research subjects.Data were collected using a self-designed general information questionnaire,the Circadian Type Inventory(CTI),and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale(UWES).Pearson correlation analysis was used to examine the relationship between circadian rhythm types and job engagement scores.T-tests and variance analysis were conducted on the job engagement scores of nursing interns with different demographic characteristics.Finally,multiple stepwise regression analysis was used to assess the impact of circadian rhythm types on job engagement.Results A total of 155 questionnaires were distributed,with 130 valid responses,resulting in an effective recovery rate of 83.87%.The survey revealed that both job engagement and circadian rhythm scores of nursing interns were generally low.Significant differences were found in job engagement scores related to different places of origin,reasons for studying,number of night shifts in the past month,fatigue/vitality,flexibility/rigidity,and total CTI scores(P<0.05).Multiple stepwise regression analysis indicated that the number of night shifts in the past month,flexibility/rigidity,fatigue/vitality,and place of origin were influencing factors for job engagement(P<0.05).Conclusion The type of circadian rhythm affects the recovery of ego depletion resources,thereby impacting job engagement among nursing interns.Flexibility/rigidity in circadian rhythm types is positively correlated with job engagement,while fatigue/vitality and total CTI scores are negatively correlated with job engagement.Nursing interns should actively integrate into new environments to enhance their work enthusiasm,improve sleep quality,reduce ego depletion,and regulate their circadian rhythm types.Teaching hospitals and school administrators should standardize clinical teaching systems,reasonably arrange night shifts,and improve job engagement of nursing interns.