基于Kuhn-Munkres算法的船载地波雷达与自动识别系统船只目标航迹关联

Targets Track Association of Shipborne HFSWR with AIS Based on Kuhn-Munkres Algorithm

船载地波雷达可以利用船载平台的移动特性扩展探测区域,通过船载地波雷达与AIS船只目标航迹的关联分析,可服务于船载地波雷达目标探测性能评价以及船只目标多手段融合探测等研究。固定坐标系下的最近邻关联方法仅通过某一时刻的距离信息来判定航迹关联性,在船载平台运动的情况下容易出现关联错误的情况,从而影响对目标的持续跟踪。针对船载地波雷达与AIS目标航迹关联中未考虑平台运动导致目标航迹关联正确率低的问题,本文建立了以船载平台为中心的运动坐标系,在此基础上通过对实测数据的统计分析,构建了基于航迹参数信息的航迹相似度矩阵,并首次将Kuhn-Munkres(KM)算法应用到船载地波雷达航迹关联领域。该方法可以通过对航迹关联权重的不断更新迭代求得航迹之间的最大权匹配,最终得到全局最优的关联匹配结果,有效克服了仅通过单一时刻距离信息进行局部航迹关联的缺点。本文通过船载地波雷达仿真和实测数据的验证,表明在运动坐标系下基于KM算法的船载地波雷达与AIS船只目标航迹可以进行有效的关联,且该方法关联准确率优于传统的最近邻算法。

Shipborne High Frequency Surface Wave Radar(HFSWR)can leverage the mobile capabilities of the shipborne platform to expand the detection area.By analyzing the correlation between the shipborne ground wave radar and the AIS ship target trajectory,it can support the performance evaluation of the shipborne HFSWR target detection and research on multi-method fusion detection of ship targets.However,the traditional nearest neighbor correlation method only determines the trajectory correlation based on distance information at a certain moment,which is prone to correlation errors in cases where the ship platform is in motion,thereby affecting the continuous tracking of targets.To address this issue,this paper proposes a motion coordinate system centered on the shipborne platform.Based on this system,a trajectory similarity matrix is constructed through statistical analysis of measured data that is based on trajectory parameter information.This paper also introduces the Kuhn-Munkres(KM)algorithm to the field of shipborne ground wave radar trajectory correlation for the first time.This algorithm can continuously update and iterate the trajectory correlation weights to obtain the maximum weight matching between trajectories,which ultimately results in a globally optimal correlation matching result.This approach effectively overcomes the limitations of using only distance information at a single moment for local trajectory correlation.The simulation and measured data verification of shipborne HFSWR show that in the motion coordinate system,the shipborne HFSWR based on KM algorithm and AIS ship target trajectory can be effectively correlated,and this method's correlation accuracy is better than that of traditional nearest neighbor algorithm.