重金属污染耕地安全利用技术研究概述

Research Progress on Safe Utilization Technology of Heavy Metal Contaminated Farmland

目前,我国重金属污染耕地依然普遍。耕地环境质量是保障农产品安全生产的重要保障,随着我国城市工业化和农业集约化的快速发展,各种来源的重金属污染通过降尘、施肥、灌溉等途径进入耕地,致使农作物减产并危害人体健康。综述了重金属污染耕地安全利用措施包括:各种农艺调控技术(石灰调节、优化施肥、品种筛选、叶面阻隔等)、土壤改良技术(钝化剂和调理剂)、生物技术(微生物与植物)3大安全利用技术的研究与应用,并对其在重金属污染耕地安全利用领域进行了展望。

Currently,heavy metal pollution in arable land is still widespread and severe in China.The environmental quality of cultivated land is an important guarantee for ensuring the safe production of agricultural products.With the rapid development of urban industrialization and agricultural intensification in China,heavy metal pollution from various sources enters cultivated land through methods such as dust reduction,fertilization,and irrigation,resulting in reduced crop yields and endangering human health.Based on the above issues,this article summarizes the research and application of various agronomic regulation technologies(lime regulation,optimized fertilization,variety screening,leaf barrier,etc.),soil improvement technologies(passivators and conditioners),and biological technologies(microorganisms and plants)for the safe utilization of heavy metal polluted farmland.And prospects were made for its safe utilization in heavy metal polluted farmland.