数字乡村建设的增收效应及其传导机制——基于县域面板数据的再讨论

Income-increasing effect and transmission mechanisms of digital village construction:rediscussion based on county-level panel data

基于2018—2020年中国28个省份1804个县域的面板数据,利用固定效应模型分析数字乡村建设对农民收入的直接效应,建立门槛效应模型分析数字乡村建设对农民收入的影响,并进一步采用中介模型和空间杜宾模型分析数字乡村建设的增收机制和空间溢出效应。结果表明:数字乡村建设能够显著促进农民增收,其中基础设施数字化、经济数字化以及生活数字化具有显著增收效应。在不同的收入群组和经济发展水平下,数字乡村建设的增收效应存在异质性表现。门槛效应分析发现,在数字乡村建设和县城经济发展的不同阶段,数字乡村建设对农民收入存在非线性影响。机制分析和空间杜宾模型显示,数字乡村建设通过提升县域创业活跃度进而促进农民增收;数字乡村建设对农民收入存在显著的正向空间溢出效应。据此,建议加快完善乡村数字基础设施,推进农业产业链数字化转型,鼓励创业和加强县域之间的交流。

Based on panel data of 1804 counties in 28 provinces in China collected from 2018 to 2020,the paper analyzed the direct effect of digital village construction on farmers’income by using fixed-effects model.A threshold effect model was established to analyze the effect of digital village construction on farmers’income,and the mediator model and spatial Durbin model were adopted to analyze the mechanism of income increase and spatial spillover effect of digital village construction.The results show that digital village construction can significantly promote farmers’income.In other words,the digitization of infrastructure,economy and life has a significant income-increasing effect.There exists heterogeneity in the incomeenhancing effects of digital village construction at different income clusters and levels of economic development.The threshold effect analysis indicates that digital village construction has a non-linear effect on farmers’income in different stages of digital village construction and county economic development.Mechanistic analysis and spatial Durbin model identify that digital village construction can promote farmers’income increase by enhancing entrepreneurial activity in the county.In addition,digital village construction has significant positive spatial spillover effect on farmers’income.Accordingly,it is recommended to accelerate the improvement of rural digital infrastructure,promote the digital transformation of the agricultural industry chain,and formulate policies to encourage entrepreneurship and strengthen inter-county exchanges and cooperation.