香港“马礼逊学堂”音乐教育考释

An Analysis of Music Education at the Morrison School in Hong Kong

马礼逊学堂开设音乐课的情况一直以来未得到详细考证。根据第一手外文资料可知,该校开设的音乐课程名称应该译为“唱歌”课,始于1845年5月,任课教师是校长布朗(Rev.Samuel Robbins Brown),教学内容除了教单声校园歌曲外,还教合唱和识谱。合唱是从轮唱教至三个声部的作品,识谱是在学生学唱歌的同时进行的,教学伴奏乐器是簧风琴。学生非常喜欢布朗的唱歌课,毕业于马礼逊学堂的唐廷枢在1862年编写出版的《英语集全》中,还翻译出了几十个中外音乐词汇。马礼逊学堂直接影响了1845年创办的宁波崇信义塾,崇信义塾一开始便开设“唱歌”课,并从美国购买乐器来服务教学。仅此,马礼逊学堂无疑已为我国音乐教育的发展做出了重要贡献。

The details of the music courses offered by the Morrison School have not been verified in detail.According to first-hand foreign literature,the name of the music course offered by the should be translated as"singing"course,which began in May 1845.The teacher was the principal,Mr.Brown.In addition to teaching single-voice campus songs,the course also taught chorus and music notation.Chorus was taught from rotational singing to three-part works,music notation was taught while students were learning to sing,and the accompaniment instrument used for teaching was a harmonium.Students loved Brown's singing class very much.Tang Tingshu,who graduated from the Morrison School,translated dozens of Chinese and foreign music vocabulary in his 1862 book Complete English Collection.The Morrison School directly influenced the establishment of Chongxin Yi Shu in Ningbo in 1845.Chongxin Yi Shu initially offered"singing"classes and purchased musical instruments from the United States to serve teaching.Thus,the Morrison School has undoubtedly made significant contributions to the development of music education in China.