程雄及其《松风阁琴谱》研究

Research on Cheng Xiong and his Song Feng Ge Qin Pu

程雄《松风阁琴谱》是《四库全书》收录的唯一清代琴谱。考诸史料,以琴道名世的程雄实为明遗民,活动于万历末年至康熙二十一年(1682)。为流传师说、托故国之思,康熙十六年(1677)左右,程雄搜辑前人未刻琴曲,编成《松风阁琴谱》二卷。该书现存8种版本,以复旦大学图书馆藏本最完整。《松风阁琴谱》指法排版清晰,对前人记谱加以简化、规范;所录《卜居》音文俱奇、《忘机》增订求新,处处可见“尚奇”“求变”的美学思想。程氏明遗民身份的确定,《松风阁琴谱》全本的发现,进一步推进了明清琴学研究,反映出易代之际琴人的思想,有助于琴乐美学意趣的探讨。

Cheng Xiong's Song Feng Ge Qin Pu is the only Qing Dynasty qin music included in the Si Ku Quan Shu.According to historical records,Cheng Xiong,who was famous for his qin skills,was actually a Ming Dynasty survivor who lived from the end of the Wanli period to the 21st year of the Kangxi reign(1682).In order to spread the teachings of the master and promote the idea of the old country,around the 16th year of Kangxi's reign(1677),Cheng Xiong collected and compiled the unpublished qin music of his predecessors,and compiled it into two volumes of the Song Feng Ge Qin Pu.There are currently eight versions of the book,with the Fudan University Library having the most complete collection.The Song Feng Ge Qin Pu has a clear layout and simplifies and standardizes previous works;The recorded Bu Ju has unique sound and stationery,and Wang Ji has been updated and innovated,showing the aesthetic ideas of"valuing novelty"and"seeking change"everywhere.The determination of Cheng's identity as a Ming Dynasty survivor and the discovery of the entire Song Feng Ge Qin Pu further promoted the study of Ming and Qing qin music,reflecting the thoughts of qin players during the transition period and contributing to the exploration of the aesthetic interests of qin music.