高亲水性壳聚糖纳米纤维膜的制备及性能

Preparation and performance of highly hydrophilic chitosan nanofiber membranes

为满足医用创伤敷料对高亲水性和抑菌性的要求,以壳聚糖(CS)、聚乙烯醇(PVA)、甘油(GL)为原料,通过静电纺丝技术制备了PVA/CS/GL纳米纤维膜。对纳米纤维膜的形貌和结构进行表征,分析其热稳定性、亲水性、溶胀度和力学性能,并探究其抗菌性能。结果表明:当甘油质量分数为3%时,PVA/CS/GL纳米纤维膜综合性能最佳,具有较好的网状结构和均匀的纤维直径,其中甘油的添加改善了壳聚糖基纳米纤维膜亲水性差、力学强度低等不足。当加入质量分数为3%的甘油后,纳米纤维膜的接触角从53.3°降低至25.3°,在PBS缓冲液中的平衡溶胀率从239.5%提高到332.1%,拉伸强度和断裂伸长率分别从2.68 MPa、8.2%提升到5.83 MPa、17.9%。抗菌实验表明,PVA/CS/GL纳米纤维膜对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率分别为94.39%、89.65%,表现出良好的抑菌效果。因此,该PVA/CS/GL纳米纤维膜在医用创伤敷料方面具有潜在应用价值。

Medical dressings are a common medical device playing a significant role in the medical realm.It has a wide range of applications in the treatment healing and infection control of trauma and surgical wounds.Research has found that wounds can heal better and faster in a moist environment.Hence an ideal medical dressing should maintain optimal moisture levels at the wound site and effectively absorb exudates.Serving as a barrier against microorganisms medical dressings must possess robust mechanical properties flexibility to conform to diverse wound shapes and effective antibacterial qualities to expedite the healing process.Electrospinning a technique that utilizes a high-voltage electrostatic field to produce ultrafine fibers has attracted much attention due to the highly similar structure of the nanofiber membrane to the natural extracellular matrix of the human body.Electrospinning usually uses natural or synthetic polymer materials as raw materials most of which have good biocompatibility can be compatible with human tissues and reduce allergic reactions to patients.By modifying the membrane's surface adjusting the electrospun material or incorporating drugs we can create specialized functional dressings tailored to diverse application scenarios thus offering convenience to both medical professionals and patients Consequently further investigation and utilization of nanofiber membrane medical dressings hold substantial clinical importance and promise for the future Chitosan CS a multifunctional biomaterial is renowned for its non-toxicity biodegradability and excellent biocompatibility.In addition materials based on CS also have immune stimulation and antibacterial performance and are often used in fields such as wound healing hemostasis tissue engineering and medical textiles.Nonetheless CS suffers from poor electrospinning performance and insufficient mechanical strength often necessitating crosslinking or blending with other polymers to enhance these properties.Polyvinyl alcohol PVA a water-soluble polymer is extensively employed in the biomedical field particularly in tissue engineering and wound dressings owing to its favorable biocompatibility and biodegradability.PVA also has excellent film-forming and fiber forming properties making it widely used in the field of electrospinning.Glycerol GL is a transparent colorless odorless viscous and hygroscopic liquid produced by the hydrolysis of triGLcerides.It is often used as a wetting agent in the food industry plasticizer stabilizer and emulsifier and cosmetic formulations.To meet the requirements of high hydrophilicity and antibacterial properties for medical trauma dressings PVA/CS/GL nanofiber membranes were prepared by using CS polyvinyl alcohol PVA and GL as raw materials through electrospinning technology.The morphology and structure of the nanofiber membranes were characterized and their thermal stability hydrophilicity swelling degree mechanical properties and antibacterial properties were analyzed.The results indicated that the PVA/CS/GL nanofiber membrane exhibited optimal overall performance when the mass fraction of GL was set at 3%featuring a well-structured network and uniform fiber diameter.The addition of GL improved the poor hydrophilicity and low mechanical strength of chitosan based nanofiber membranes.After adding GL with a mass fraction of 3%the contact angle of the nanofiber membrane decreased from 53.3°to 25.3°and the equilibrium swelling rate in PBS buffer increased from 239.5%to 332.1%.The tensile strength and elongation at break increased from 2.68 MPa and 8.2%to 5.83 MPa and 17.9%respectively.Antibacterial experiments showed that the antibacterial rates of PVA/CS/GL nanofiber membranes against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were 94.39%and 89.65%respectively showing good antibacterial performance.Therefore the PVA/CS/GL nanofiber membrane has potential application value in medical trauma dressings.