燃油脱氮技术研究进展

Research Progress of Fuel Oil Denitrogen Technology

从燃油和油馏分中选择性去除含氮化合物对油品生产工艺和质量具有重要意义。由含氮化合物引起的问题包括胶质形成、酸催化剂抑制和失活、与酸碱对相关的腐蚀和金属络合。本文调研了国内外燃油脱氮的方法,对比了各种方法的优缺点。从油品中去除含氮化合物的方法,主要包括加氢脱氮、吸附脱氮、络(配)合脱氮以及化学氧化法脱氮。有一些脱氮方法是通过从油中分离富氮产物而不从含氮化合物中除去氮基团,这些方法大多数主要适用于从低氮含量的油中脱氮,通常具有<0.1%的脱氮效果。通过调研,总结了潜在的脱氮工艺和催化剂,便于进一步寻找工业上更为有效的燃油深度脱氮技术。

The selective removal of nitrogen-containing compounds from oil and oil fractions is crucial due to their potential harmful effects on products and processes.The problems caused by nitrogen-containing compounds include gum formation,inhibition and deactivation of acid catalysts,corrosion relat ed to acid-base interactions,and metal complexation.This article provides a brief overview of the types of nitrogen-containing compounds found in petroleum.A review of methods for removing nitrogen from oil products introduces research on denitrification of finished oil products.The main content includes hydrogenation denitrification,adsorption denitrification,complexation denitrification,and chemical oxidation denitrification.Many denitrification methods involve separating nitrogen rich products from oil without removing nitrogen groups from nitrogen-containing compounds.Therefore,most of these methods are mainly suitable for removing nitrogen from oil with low nitrogen content,usually with a N content of<0.1%.At present,hydrogenation denitrification seems to be the only industrially feasible method for removing nitrogen from oil with high nitrogen content.