蚁群算法在项目管理多要素优化中的改进与应用

Improvement and Application of Ant Colony Algorithm in Multi-Element Optimization of of Project Management

随着当前经济快速发展、企业集约化管理转型,工程项目呈现大体量、高标准、严要求,那么对工程项目管理基本要素进行多要素优化,是当前项目管理中面临的关键点和重难点。为了提高施工过程中项目管理的科学性和有效性,本文将四个管理要素(工期、质量、成本和安全)集成为一个系统,并建立适用于四种要素均衡优化的适应度函数;通过改进的蚁群算法达到多要素均衡优化。不仅弥补了传统单/双要素优化模型的不足,而且克服了基本蚁群算法过早收敛、易陷入局部最优等缺点,很大程度提高了工程项目的管理效率。从实际应用的结果可以看出,改进后的蚁群算法较同类型的其他算法在收敛效率、寻优能力等方面都有很大的提升,能很好地解决工程项目多要素管理的优化问题,同时所得结论也为项目管理者提供了科学的决策依据。

With rapid economic development and the transformation of intensive management of enterprises,all projects are characterized with large volume,high standards and strict requirements,multi-element optimization is regarded as key and difficult points in current project management.In order to make project management more scientific and effective,four management elements(duration,quality,cost and safety)are integrated into a system,and a fitness function to balance the four elements is established.The improved ant colony algorithm is used to achieve multi-element equilibrium optimization.The system not only supplements the traditional model of single/double-element optimization,but also overcomes the shortcomings of basic ant colony algorithm such as premature convergence and easily falling into local optimization,which greatly improves the efficiency of project management.The application results show that the improved ant colony algorithm has a great improvement in convergence efficiency and optimization ability compared with other algorithms,and serves as a good solution to the multi-element optimization of project management.The conclusions also provide a scientific basis for decision-makers.