特异性免疫疗法联合鼻腔冲洗在过敏性鼻炎患者中的应用效果

Application Effect of Specific Immunotherapy Combined with Nasal Irrigation in Patients with Allergic Rhinitis

目的:探讨特异性免疫疗法联合鼻腔冲洗在过敏性鼻炎患者中的应用效果。方法:选取2022年3月—2023年2月南华大学附属第二医院收治的112例过敏性鼻炎患者。根据随机数表法将其分为试验组和参照组,各56例。两组均给予常规治疗,参照组采用特异性免疫疗法,试验组在参照组基础上给予鼻腔冲洗。比较两组治疗前后鼻部症状、生活质量及鼻部症状、小气道功能指标,不良反应。结果:治疗后,试验组流涕、喷嚏、鼻痒和鼻塞评分均低于参照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组过敏性鼻炎生活质量测评量表(RQLQ)、鼻症状总分表(TNSS)评分均降低,试验组RQLQ评分、TNSS评分均低于参照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。治疗后,两组最大呼气中段流量(MMEF)、用力呼出50%肺活量时瞬间流量(MEF50%)和25%肺活量时的最大呼气流速(MEF25%)均升高,试验组MMEF、MEF50%、MEF25%均高于参照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。试验组不良反应发生率(5.36%)低于参照组(19.64%),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:特异性免疫疗法联合鼻腔冲洗在过敏性鼻炎患者中的应用效果显著,可明显改善患者鼻部症状,提高生活质量,改善小气道功能,减少不良反应。

Objective:To investigate the application effect of specific immunotherapy combined with nasal irrigation in patients with allergic rhinitis.Method:A total of 112 patients with allergic rhinitis admitted to the Second Affiliated Hospital of the University of South China from March 2022 to February 2023 were selected.According to random number table method,they were divided into experimental group and reference group,with 56 cases in each group.Both groups were given conventional treatment,the reference group was given specific immunotherapy,and the experimental group was given nasal irrigation based on the reference group.Nasal symptoms,quality of life,nasal symptoms,small airway function indexes before and after treatment and adverse reactions were compared between the two groups.Result:After treatment,the scores of runny nose,sneezing,itchy nose and nasal congestion in experimental group were lower than those in reference group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After treatment,the scores of allergic rhinitis quality of life assessment scale(RQLQ)and nasal symptom total score table(TNSS)were decreased in both groups,and the RQLQ and TNSS scores in experimental group were lower than those in reference group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After treatment,the maximum mid-expiratory flow rate(MMEF),instantaneous flow rate at forced exhalation of 50%(MEF50%),and maximum expiratory flow rate at 25%(MEF25%)were increased in both groups,and the MMEF,MEF50%and MEF25%in experimental group were higher than those in reference group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of adverse reactions in test group(5.36%)was lower than that in reference group(19.64%),and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:The application of specific immunotherapy combined with nasal irrigation in patients with allergic rhinitis is remarkable,which can significantly improve the nasal symptoms of patients,improve the quality of life,improve the small airway function,and reduce adverse reactions.