基于中医适宜技术的康复护理在儿童单纯性肥胖中的应用

Application of rehabilitation nursing based on appropriate technology of traditional Chinese medicine in simple obesity of children

目的研究基于中医适宜技术的康复护理在儿童单纯性肥胖中的应用效果。方法选取2021年3月至2023年6月河南中医药大学第一附属医院收治的114例单纯性肥胖儿童作为研究对象,按随机数表法分为对照组和研究组各57例。对照组儿童接受常规护理,研究组儿童在对照组基础上采用基于中医适宜技术的康复护理。比较两组儿童干预前和干预3个月后的体质量情况(体质量、体脂率和体质量指数)、中医症候积分(肢体困重、倦怠乏力、形体肥胖)和脂代谢水平(高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇及总胆固醇),并比较两组儿童随访6个月期间的肥胖反弹率。结果两组儿童干预前的体质量、体脂率和体质量指数比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组儿童干预3个月后的体质量、体脂率和体质量指数均下降,且研究组儿童的体质量、体脂率和体质量指数分别为(50.19±6.04)kg、(27.65±3.59)%、(20.04±1.78)kg/m^(2),明显低于对照组的(54.02±6.42)kg、(29.87±4.14)%、(21.65±2.04)kg/m^(2),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组儿童干预前的中医症候积分比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组儿童干预3个月后的中医症候积分较干预前均下降,且研究组儿童的肢体困重、倦怠乏力、形体肥胖积分别为(1.02±0.24)分、(1.14±0.23)分、(1.24±0.18)分,明显低于对照组的(1.36±0.29)分、(1.39±0.28)分、(1.43±0.29)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组儿童干预前的脂代谢水平比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组儿童干预3个月后的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇较干预前均上升,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇及总胆固醇均下降,研究组高密度脂蛋白胆固醇明显高于对照组,低密度脂蛋白胆固醇及总胆固醇明显低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。随访6个月期间,研究组儿童的肥胖反弹率为8.77%,明显低于对照组的26.32%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于中医适宜技术的康复护理在儿童单纯性肥胖中的应用可有效改善儿童体质量,减少皮下脂肪的堆积,改善中医症候积分,调节血脂代谢,且肥胖反弹率较低。

Objective To study the application effect of rehabilitation nursing based on appropriate technology of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)in children's simple obesity.Methods A total of 114 children with simple obesity admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine from March 2021 to June 2023 were selected as the research objects,and were divided into control group and research group by random number table method,with 57 cases in each group.The children in the control group received routine nursing,while those in the research group adopted rehabilitation nursing based on appropriate technology of Traditional Chinese Medicine on the basis of the control group.The body mass condition(body mass,body fat rate,and body mass index),traditional Chinese medicine symptom integral(heavy limbs,fatigue,physical obesity),and lipid metabolism level(high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,and total cholesterol)of the two groups were compared before and 3 months after intervention.The rebound rate of obesity was compared between the two groups during the 6-month follow-up period.Results There were no significant differences in body mass,body fat rate,and body mass index between the two groups before intervention(P>0.05).After three months of intervention,the body mass,body fat rate,and body mass index of children in both groups were decreased,and the indexes in the research group were(50.19±6.04)kg,(27.65±3.59)%,and(20.04±1.78)kg/m^(2),respectively,significantly lower than(54.02±6.42)kg,(29.87±4.14)%,and(21.65±2.04)kg/m^(2) in the control group;the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in traditional Chinese medicine symptom integral of children between the two groups before intervention(P>0.05).After three months of intervention,the traditional Chinese medicine symptom integral of children in both groups were decreased compared with those before intervention.Three months after the intervention,the scores of limb fatigue,fatigue,and physical obesity of children in the research group were(1.02±0.24)points,(1.14±0.23)points,and(1.24±0.18)points,respectively,significantly lower than(1.36±0.29)points,(1.39±0.28)points,and(1.43±0.29)points in the control group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in lipid metabolism of children between the two groups before intervention(P>0.05).After three months of intervention,the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol of children in both groups increased compared with that before intervention,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol were decreased;high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in the research group was significantly higher than that in the control group,and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and total cholesterol were significantly lower than those in the control group;the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).During the follow-up for 6 months,the rebound rate of children in the research group was 8.77%,which was significantly lower than 26.32%in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The application of rehabilitation nursing based on appropriate traditional Chinese medicine techniques in children with simple obesity can effectively improve their body mass,reduce subcutaneous fat accumulation,improve traditional Chinese medicine syndrome integral,regulate blood lipid metabolism,and has a lower rate of obesity rebound.