不同饲养方式及福利化管理措施对关岭牛架子 母牛生长发育的影响

Effects of Different Feeding Methods and Welfare Management Measures on the Growth and Development of Guanling Cattle

为了研究舍饲条件下不同饲养方式及福利化管理措施对关岭牛架子母牛增重、生长和健康状况的影响。采用成组试验设计方法,将30头关岭牛架子母牛随机分为5组,即地板拴系饲养为对照组,地板散养为试验1组、地板散养+牛体刷为试验2组、发酵床散养为试验3组、发酵床散养+牛体刷为试验4组,每组6头,正试期120 d,进行拴系饲养与散栏饲养不同饲养方式对比。结果表明,舍饲条件下,发酵床散养并安装牛体刷最有利于关岭牛增重,全期平均日增重较地板拴系饲养和地板散养提高了44.68%,显著高于试验2组和试验3组(\%P\%<0.05);试验4组体高、体斜长增幅最大,体高增幅明显高于其他处理组,体斜长增幅显著高于试验1组和试验3组(\%P\%<0.05);同时,发酵床散养并安装牛体刷提高了动物福利,确保了牛只健康,改善了饲养环境。发酵床散养并安装牛体刷情况下,总体来说对关岭牛的饲养效果最为有利,既提高了养殖效益和健康水平,又保障了牛只动物福利,同时有效避免了环境污染。

In order to study the effects of different feeding methods and welfare management measures on the weight gain,growth and health status of Guanling cattle under barn feeding condition,30 Guanling cattle cows were randomly divided into 5 groups using a group experimental design method.The 5 groups were named as floor tethered breeding,which was taken as the control group,floor free-range breeding as the experimental group 1,floor free-range breeding+cattle body brush as the experimental group 2,fermentation bed free-range breeding as the experimental group 3,fermentation bed free-range breeding+cattle body brush as the experimental group 4.Each group contained 6 cows.The trial period was 120 days,and different feeding methods were compared between tethered breeding and free-range breeding.The results showed that under the barn feeding condition,the fermentation bed free-range and the installation of cattle body brushes were the most beneficial to the weight gain of Guanling cattle.The average daily weight gain during the whole period was 44.68%higher than that of floor tethered feeding and floor free-range,which was significantly higher than that of experimental group 2 and experimental group 3(P<0.05).The body height and body oblique length of experimental group 4 got the largest increase,and the body height had significantly higher increase than that of other treatment groups.The increase of body oblique length was significantly higher than that of experimental group 1 and experimental group 3(P<0.05).At the same time,the fermentation bed and the installation of cattle brushes have improved animal welfare,ensured the health of cattle,and improved the feeding environment.In the case of free-range fermentation bed and installation of cattle brush,the overall feeding effect of Guanling cattle was the most favorable,which not only improved the breeding efficiency and health level,but also guaranteed the welfare of cattle and animals,and effectively avoiding environmental pollution.