影响哺乳期犊牛消化的因素及科学饲喂措施

Factors Affecting Digestion and Scientific Feeding Measurements of lactating Calves

犊牛的生理特点复杂,其消化系统发育尚不完全,特别是瘤胃、网胃和瓣胃在初生阶段功能较弱,主要依赖皱胃进行消化,免疫系统也尚未建立完全,对外界环境的抵抗力较弱。在影响犊牛消化的因素中,液体饲料作为犊牛早期的主要营养来源,其质量和数量对犊牛的生长和健康具有重要影响。固体饲料的组成和物理形态也显著影响犊牛的消化过程,合理的固体饲料摄入有助于促进犊牛瘤胃的发育和功能的完善。本文探讨了犊牛的消化生理特点及其影响因素,从液体饲料和固体饲料两方面提出了科学的饲喂策略,以期为犊牛阶段的科学饲养提供参考和借鉴。

The physiological characteristics of calves are complex,and their digestive system is not fully developed,especially the functions of rumen,reticulum and valvular stomach are weak in the neonatal stage,mainly relying on abomasum for digestion.The immune system has not been fully established,and the resistance to the external environment is weak.As the main source of nutrition in the early stage of calves,the quality and quantity of liquid feed have an important effect on the growth and health of calves among the factors affecting calf digestion.The composition and physical morphology of solid feed also significantly affect the digestion process of calves,and reasonable intake of solid feed is helpful to promote the development and function of the rumen in calves.This paper explores the digestive physiological characteristics of calves and its influencing factors,and put forward scientific feeding strategies from two aspects of liquid feed and solid feed,in order to provide reference and guidance for scientific feeding of calves at the stage.