高校大学生转专业伴生问题、成因及解决思路

An Analysis on the Problems,Causes and Solutions of Undergraduates'Specialty Change in Higer Education

进入21世纪以来,高校以专业为单位的人才培养体系为社会培养了不少专业人才和研究性的科研人员;与此同时,这种人才培养模式也因为过于精细化和单一化,越来越难以适应社会经济发展对人才的需求,在一定程度上制约了创新性、宽视野人才的产生。转专业制度作为一种专业人才培养的政策补救,具有其合理性,也伴随着一系列问题。基于此,在探究转专业产生原因的基础上,思考提出解决之策:加强对高中毕业生选择专业的引导,减少盲目性;加强高校学科和专业建设;放宽学生专业选择年限;改革专业招生和培养制度,探索强化“主修”概念。

Since the 21st century,the talent training system based on specialties does cultivate lots of professionals and researchers.At the same time,because of too fine and simple,it’s more and more difficult to adapt to the needs of social and economic development,even doing some restriction to the innovation and wide field of vision of talent.The remedial measure of transfer to professional choices has its rationality and is also accompanied by a series of problems.Based on the basis of exploring the causes of the transfer of majors,thinking and proposing a policy of solving:to adjust the concept of public choice of professional;to strengthen the guidance of selection to high school graduates,to strengthen constructions of discipline and specialty,relaxing the time limit for students'choice of majors;reforming the admission and cultivation system for majors;and exploring the strengthening of the concept of"major."