WO_(3)基复合材料在光催化领域的应用与研究进展

Application and Research Progress of WO_(3)-Based Composite Materials in Photocatalysis

光催化作为一种新兴的绿色能源转换技术受到国内外关注。该技术利用半导体光催化剂将太阳能转换为可直接利用的化学能,在环境污染物净化和清洁能源开发等方面展现出了巨大应用潜力。为了获得更高的转换效率,围绕材料催化机制和结构改性的研究成为了物理化学、材料科学和环境化学等学科的热点课题。在众多半导体材料中,三氧化钨(WO_(3))因具有良好的可见光响应能力以及优异的价带空穴氧化性能而备受光催化领域研究者青睐。目前,基于WO_(3)构建的光催化体系已有大量报道,其应用范围涉及多个领域。为了推动WO_(3)基光催化体系发展,同时为同行提供参考,针对近年来WO_(3)基半导体复合材料在光催化领域的应用和研究进展进行了归纳整理。从WO_(3)自身结构特性出发,围绕复合材料制备方法以及复合材料结构特征与性能之间构效关系两大热点问题进行总结评述,最后重点阐述了现有WO_(3)基半导体复合光催化剂在分解水产氢、CO_(2)还原、固氮以及污染物去除等领域的应用现状,并对其发展前景提出了展望。

The development and use of fossil energy not only promote the development of global economy,but also bring two major crises to human beings:environmental pollution and energy exhaustion.Based on this,the use of new energy,looking for green and efficient new energy conversion technology has become the focus of research.Photocatalysis,as a new green energy conversion technology,converts solar energy into chemical energy that can be directly used,which has been widely concerned by researchers.The principle of this technology is put forward by the solid energy band theory,that is,when the light with energy greater than the semiconductor band gap shines on the surface of the catalyst,the electrons in the valence band will be excited to jump to the conduction band,leaving a hole in the valence band.These holes and electrons can directly with the target molecule,can also with the catalyst surface adsorption of O_(2) and H_(2)O or OH−reaction,generate reactive free radicals,and participate in the reaction.Due to the direct use of solar energy,photocatalytic technology has low consumption,clean and other innate advantages.At present,this technology has shown great application potential in the purification of environmental pollutants and the development of clean energy.In order to obtain higher conversion efficiency,the research on catalytic mechanism and structural modification of materials has become a hot topic in physical chemistry,materials science and environmental chemistry.The low e-h separation efficiency of catalyst materials is the main bottleneck hindering the practical application of photocatalytic technology.Among them,the construction of composite materials is considered to be one of the most effective ways to develop highly active photocatalysts.On the one hand,the composite catalyst can combine the advantages of different materials into one,thus significantly expanding its application range.On the other hand,the carrier can migrate to the surface of different components,which can effectively improve the separation efficiency of photogenerated charge through physical isolation.Among many semiconductor materials,tungsten trioxide(WO_(3))is popular because of its good visible light response(band gap around 2.70 eV)and excellent valence band hole oxidation ability.Driven by the pursuit of higher hole efficiency,a large number of WO_(3) based composite photocatalysts have been constructed and reported,and their applications cover many fields.In order to make the design and application of WO_(3) based composite photocatalytic materials more rational development,and to provide useful reference for peers,it is urgent to summarize and review relevant studies regularly.In this paper,the application and research progress of WO_(3) based composite in photocatalysis in recent years are systematically summarized.Starting from structural characteristics of WO_(3) itself,around the composite preparation methods and the characteristics of composite material structure and performance of structure-activity relationship between two hot issues were summarized,and finally expounds the existing WO_(3) based composite photocatalyst in the decomposition of aquatic product hydrogen,CO_(2) reduction,nitrogen fixation,and the application of pollutants removal in areas such as the status quo,and the prospects of the development prospect was put forward.