摘要
近代汉语阶段“牲畜”这一概念的表述发生了两次词汇替换:汉语史早期常用的“畜”类词在元代被“头匹”“头口”合力取代;至迟到18世纪中期以后,“牲口”替换了“头口”,并一直沿用至今。“牲口”很可能源自江淮地区,“牲畜”义词的替换是基于语言内外两个动因:语体缺位,语言内部语体机制调节的需要及江淮官话词语对通语的渗透。
This article examines the evolution of the meaning of Shengchu(牲畜)in Modern Chinese,during which two substitutions occurred:the commonly used Chu(畜)in early Chinese were replaced by Toupi(头匹)and Toukou(头口)in the Yuan(元)Dynasty and the word Shengkou(牲口)replaced Toukou(头口)no later than the mid-18th century and remains in use today.The word Shengkou(牲口)is believed to have originated from Jianghuai(江淮)area.The substitution of the synonymous words for Shengchu(牲畜)is driven by both language-internal and external factors,including the need for register adjustment and the influence of Jianghuai(江淮)Mandarin on common language.
作者
王文香
WANG Wen-xiang(School of Humanities,Hangzhou Normal University,Hangzhou Zhejiang 311121,China)
出处
《语言研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2024年第4期46-53,共8页
Studies in Language and Linguistics
基金
浙江省哲学社会科学专项规划课题“域外文献视角下明清汉语通语词汇的形成研究”(24ZJQN021YB)
国家社科基金后期资助暨优秀博士论文出版项目“江淮起源型词的历史与语体研究”(21FYB054)
杭州师范大学科研启动经费项目“明清基础方言转移与词汇替换:基于几组个案的研究”(RWSK20200418)。
关键词
语体
词汇演变
“牲畜”义词
元明易代
江淮官话
Register
Lexical Substitution
Shengchu(牲畜)
Yuan(元)-Ming(明)succession
Jianghuai(江淮)Mandarin
