基于文献分析的传染病应急法治保障研究趋势与关键问题归纳

The Research Trends and Key Issues in Rule of Law Safeguards for Infectious Disease Emergencies Based on Literature Analysis

目的:分析与挖掘目前我国传染病应急法治保障的研究趋势、研究热点、关键问题领域等信息,为传染病应急法治保障的建设提供参考和借鉴。方法:以中国知网(CNKI)收录的传染病应急法治保障主题相关的核心期刊文献作为本研究的主要数据资源,利用CiteSpace软件进行文献计量与可视化分析,并运用扎根理论归纳关键问题领域。结果:最终217篇相关文献被纳入分析,发文量自2020年爆发式增长,之后呈下降趋势;研究机构较为单一;高频关键词分别为疫情防控、应急管理、法治等;突现词包括突发事件、应急法制、应急法治等;通过扎根分析,最终提炼出31个初始范畴、13个主范畴和4个核心范畴,将其归纳为法律体系、法治环境、法治观念、法治行为四个维度的我国传染病应急法治保障的关键问题。结论:传染病应急法治保障的研究与我国突发公共卫生事件的发生高度相关,各研究机构之间的合作程度也较弱。未来在法治体系问题方面,应不断完善立法,进一步维护法律之间的衔接性和协调性;法治环境方面,应发挥制度优势,积极调动各方力量,构建统筹有序的法治环境;法治观念方面,应创新普法宣传与教育,增强全社会的法治理念;法治行为方面,应建立明确的处罚机制,震慑潜在的违法者。

Objective To analyze the current research trends,research hotspots,and key problem areas of legal safeguards for emergency response to infectious diseases in China,so as to provide reference for the construction of emergency legal safeguards for infectious diseases.Methods Taking the core journal literature related to the topic of emergency legal safeguard of infectious diseases included in CNKI as the main data resources,CiteSpace software was used for bibliometric and visual analysis,and the grounded theory was used to summarize the key problem areas.Results 217 relevant articles were included in the analysis.The number of published papers has increased explosively since 2020,followed by a downward trend.The research institutions were relatively single.The high-frequency keywords were epidemic prevention and control,emergency management,rule of law,etc,and the emergent words included emergencies,emergency legal system,emergency rule of law,etc.Through grounded analysis,31 initial categories,13 main categories and 4 core categories were finally extracted,which were summarized as the key issues of legal safeguard for infectious disease emergency response in China from four dimensions of legal system,legal environment,legal concept and legal behavior.Conclusion The research on the legal guarantee of emergency response to infectious diseases is highly related to the occurrence of public health emergencies in China,and the degree of cooperation among various research institutions is also weak.In the future,in terms of the rule of law system,legislation should be continuously improved to further maintain the cohesion and coordination among different laws.In terms of the rule of law environment,it is necessary to give full play to the advantages of the system and actively mobilize the forces of all parties to build a coordinated and orderly rule of law environment.In terms of the concept of the rule of law,it is necessary to innovate the publicity and education of legal popularization to strengthen the concept of the rule of law in the whole society.In terms of rule of law behavior,a clear punishment mechanism should be established to deter potential violators.