癌症对中老年人主观幸福感的影响研究——社交活跃度和抑郁情绪的链式中介作用

Research on the Influence of Cancer on the Subjective Well-Being in Middle-Aged and Older Adults Based on the Chain Mediating Role of Social Activeness and Depression

目的:探讨癌症对中老年人主观幸福感的影响以及社交活跃度和抑郁情绪的链式中介作用。方法:使用2018年中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)数据,选取年龄≥45岁的中老年人作为研究对象,最终样本12644人。采用多重中介模型评估主观幸福感的影响机制。结果:调查对象主观幸福感均值为3.25,癌症对主观幸福感的直接负向效应显著(β=-0.675,P<0.001),社交活跃度和抑郁情绪显著影响主观幸福感(β=0.006,P<0.05;β=-0.046,P<0.001)。社交活跃度和抑郁情绪对主观幸福感的简单中介效应分别为0.004(95%CI:0.001~0.008)和-0.057(95%CI:-0.098~-0.016);链式中介效应为-0.013(95%CI:-0.018~-0.007)。结论:社交活跃度和抑郁情绪在癌症对主观幸福感间存在链式中介效应,积极的社会参与能预防抑郁。加强癌症人群的心理干预,完善癌症患者社会参与机制,降低与时代的疏离感与陌生感,能提升其幸福感。

Objective To explore the influence of cancer on the subjective well-being and the chain-mediated effects of social activeness and depression in middle-aged and older adults.Methods Using data from the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study(CHARLS),middle-aged and older adults aged≥45 years were selected as study subjects.Multiple mediation model was used to assess the influence mechanism of subjective well-being.Results The mean value of subjective well-being of the respondents was 3.25,in which the directly negative effect of cancer on subjective well-being was significant(β=-0.675,P<0.001),and social activeness and depressed mood significantly affected subjective well-being(β=0.006,P<0.05;β=-0.046,P<0.001).The simple mediating effects of social activeness and depressed mood on subjective well-being was 0.004(95%Cl:0.001~0.008)and-0.057(95%Cl:-0.098~-0.016),respectively.And the chained mediating effect was-0.013(95%Cl:-0.018~-0.007).Conclusion There was a chain-mediated effect of social activeness and depression between cancer on subjective well-being,and active social participation can prevent depression.It is suggested to strengthen the psychological intervention on cancer population,improve the social participation mechanism of cancer patients,and reduce the sense of alienation and strangeness with the times,which can enhance their well-being.