天然气管输体制改革成效与展望

Achievements and future prospects of natural gas pipeline transportation system reform

【目的】在“四个革命、一个合作”能源安全新战略背景下,推动能源体制革命势在必行。天然气管输领域是能源体制革命的重要内容,也是加快天然气产供储销体系建设的主要抓手,总结过去10年来天然气管输体制的改革成效、展望改革方向对于加快能源体制革命具有重要意义。【方法】从法制体系、监管体系、市场体系、价格体系建设等角度,以举措为线索、以时间为主线,采用文献综述、政策分析、对比研究、定性定量等方式梳理了10年来天然气管输领域开展的主要体制改革工作与主要成效。【结果】天然气管输领域相关法律法规及标准体系加快完善、政府行业管理与全方位监管逐步到位、“全国一张网”的软硬件基础与市场体系建设目标初步实现、分类定价严格监管的天然气输配价格体系基本建立。未来,需持续推进天然气管输体制改革工作,重点集中在建立覆盖管输全流程的法律法规体系、研制并实施高水平管输技术标准与规范、推进天然气管道规划建设行政管理机制改革、实现多维度立体式的天然气管输领域监管体系、构建高水平统一开放的“全国一张网”、建立公平开放有序竞争的管输市场体系、健全天然气基础设施服务价格体系、形成监管严格的配气价格管理制度等。【结论】管输体制改革基本打通了天然气管道运输发展快车道,有力支撑了天然气增储上产,推动了产供储销体系完善,天然气市场化发展前景广阔。

[Objective]In light of the new energy security strategy of“Four Reforms and One Cooperation”,advancing energy system reform is imperative.Natural gas pipeline transportation plays a crucial role in this reform and serves as a key entry point for enhancing the construction of the production,supply,storage,and marketing system of natural gas.Thus,evaluating the achievements of the past decade and outlining future reform directions is vital for accelerating the overall energy system reform.[Methods]Examining the legal,regulatory,market,and pricing systems,this study systematically evaluated the key institutional reform work and major achievements in natural gas pipeline transportation over the past decade.Literature review,policy analysis,comparative study,and both qualitative and quantitative methods were employed,with reform measures as guiding themes and timeline as the main framework.[Results]The findings indicated that:(1)relevant laws,regulations and standard systems of natural gas pipeline transportation had been upgraded rapidly;(2)the government’s industry management and comprehensive supervision in the field of natural gas pipeline transportation had been profoundly improved;(3)the hardware and software foundations of“One Pipeline Network Nationwide”and the market system construction goals had been initially achieved;and(4)a classified pricing system under strict supervision for natural gas transportation and distribution had been effectively implemented.In the future,it is essential to advance the reform of the natural gas pipeline transportation system by focusing on several key areas:establishing a comprehensive legal and regulatory framework for pipeline transportation,developing and implementing high-level technical standards and specifications,reforming the administrative management of pipeline planning and construction,creating a multi-dimensional supervision system,building a unified and open“One Pipeline Network Nationwide”,fostering a fair and competitive pipeline transportation market,improving the natural gas infrastructure service pricing system,and developing a gas distribution price management system characterized by strict supervision and effective incentives.[Conclusion]The reform of the pipeline transportation system has effectively accelerated the development of natural gas transportation,significantly boosted natural gas reserves and production,and enhanced the production,supply,storage,and marketing system.The market-oriented development of natural gas shows promising prospects.