2013—2022年成都市成华区百日咳流行病学特征分析

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of pertussis in Chenghua District of Chengdu City from 2013 to 2022

目的了解成都市成华区百日咳发病现状及流行病学特征,为控制百日咳流行、改善免疫策略提供科学依据。方法通过中国疾病预防控制信息系统传染病报告信息管理系统及成都市成华区百日咳病例个案调查资料,收集2013—2022年成都市成华区百日咳病例资料,采用描述性流行病学方法对百日咳流行特征进行分析。率的比较采用卡方检验,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果2013—2022年成都市成华区共报告百日咳病例218例,年均报告发病率为2.097/10万,报告发病率总体呈上升趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=166.474,P<0.001);百日咳发病存在一定季节性,发病高峰为2至8月;小于1岁组报告发病率最高,为106.038/10万;85.32%病例由6家医院报告。结论2013—2022年成都市成华区百日咳报告发病率呈上升趋势,发病以小于1岁儿童为主,需完善百日咳监测体系,优化百日咳免疫策略。

Objective To analyze the incidence and epidemiological characteristics of pertussis in Chenghua District of Chengdu City,and to provide scientific basis for controlling pertussis epidemic and optimizing immunization strategies.Methods The data of pertussis cases in Chenghua District of Chengdu City from 2013 to 2022 were collected from the Chinese Disease Control and Prevention Information System and case investigation data of pertussis in this District.Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of pertussis.Chi-square test was used to compare the rates,and P<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.Results A total of 218 cases of pertussis were reported in Chenghua District of Chengdu City from 2013 to 2022.The average annual reported incidence rate was 2.097/105,and the incidence rates showed an overall increasing trend(χ^(2)_(trend)=166.474,P<0.001).The incidence of pertussis was seasonal,and the peak was from February to August.The incidence rate of the group less than 1 year old was106.038/105,which was the highest in all age groups.85.32%of the cases were reported by 6hospitals.Conclusions The reported incidence of pertussis in Chenghua District of Chengdu City showed an increasing trend from 2013 to 2022.Most cases were children less than 1 year old.It is suggested to improve the pertussis surveillance system and optimize pertussis immunization strategies.