2023年南充市第二产业接害工人职业健康素养现状及其影响因素分析

Current situation of occupational health literacy and its influencing factors of workers exposed to occupational hazards in the secondary industry in Nanchong City in 2023

目的分析南充市第二产业接害工人职业健康素养现状及其影响因素,为采取针对性健康干预措施提供依据。方法采用分层整群随机抽样法,2023年抽取该市第二产业1227名接害工人为研究对象,使用《全国重点人群职业健康素养监测调查个人问卷》进行调查。采用SPSS 27.0软件进行统计分析,以P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果2023年南充市第二产业接害工人总体职业健康素养水平为52.4%,其中职业健康保护基本知识(78.9%),健康工作方式和行为(71.5%),职业健康法律知识(50.8%),职业健康基本技能(29.4%),文化程度、月收入水平、企业性质和企业规模是职业健康素养水平的独立影响因素(P均<0.05)。结论南充市第二产业接害工人健康素养水平较低,应以中小微型、民营企业为重点干预企业,以低文化、低收入工人为重点干预群体。

Objective To analyze the current situation of occupational health literacy and its influencing factors among workers exposed to occupupational hazards in the secondary industry in Nanchong City and provide reference for taking targeted health intervention measures.Methods By stratified cluster random sampling method,a total of 1227 workers exposed to occupupational hazards were selected as reaserch subjects from the secondary industry in Nanchong City in 2023.The National Key Population Occupational Health Literacy Questionnaire for Individuals was used to conduct the survey.SPSS 27.0 was used for statistical analysis,and P<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.Results In 2023,the overall level of occupational health literacy of workers exposed to occupupational hazards in the secondary industry in Nanchong City was 52.4%,including four dimensions:basic knowledge of occupational health protection(78.9%),healthy work styles and behaviors(71.5%),knowledge of occupational health laws(50.8%),and basic occupational health skills(29.4%).Education level,monthly income level,enterprise nature and enterprise scale were independent influencing factors of the level of occupational health literacy(all P<0.05).Conclusions The health literacy level of workers exposed to occupational hazards in the secondary industry in Nanchong City was low.The medium/small/micro and private enterprises should be taken as the key enterprises for intervention,and low-culture and low-income workers should be taken as the key groups for intervention.