2023年秦皇岛市城区60岁及以上老年居民血脂异常流行特征及影响因素

Analysis on the prevalence and influencing factors of dyslipidemia among elderly residents aged 60 and above in Qinhuangdao City in 2023

目的了解秦皇岛市城区老年居民血脂异常流行特征及影响因素,为制定秦皇岛市城区老年居民血脂异常防控政策提供理论依据。方法根据2023年多阶段分层整群随机抽取的秦皇岛市5个城区60岁及以上老年常住居民血脂异常问卷调查、体格检查和实验室检测数据,分析秦皇岛市城区老年居民血脂异常患病情况,采用χ2检验对秦皇岛市城区老年居民血脂异常情况进行单因素分析,并采用Logistic回归分析秦皇岛市城区老年居民血脂异常的影响因素,检验水准α=0.05。结果有效调查6524人,男性3522人,占54.0%,女性3002人,占46.0%;年龄为(68.75±11.34)岁;血脂异常检出2538人,检出率为38.9%;高TG血症、高TC血症、高LDC-L血症、低HDL-C血症检出率分别为20.2%、10.5%、11.4%、22.7%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示,女性(OR=4.338,95%CI:1.396~2.183)、65~69岁(OR=5.609,95%CI:4.274~7.362)、70~74岁(OR=4.949,95%CI:3.873~6.323)、75~79岁(OR=2.028,95%CI:1.626~2.529)、80岁及以上(OR=1.254,95%CI:1.00~1.558)、文化程度高中(OR=1.386,95%CI:1.202~1.598)、文化程度初中及以下(OR=1.392,95%CI:1.203~1.612)、超重(OR=1.589,95%CI:1.38~1.83)、肥胖(OR=1.968,95%CI:1.695~2.284)、饮酒(OR=1.164,95%CI:1.020~1.328)、吸烟(OR=3.106,95%CI:2.535~3.804)、患高血压(OR=1.746,95%CI:1.396~2.183)、患糖尿病(OR=1.746,95%CI:1.396~2.183)、每日静坐时间≥6 h(OR=1.279,95%CI:1.056~1.551)是秦皇岛市城区老年居民血脂异常的危险因素。结论秦皇岛市城区老年居民血脂异常检出率处于河北省内平均水平,老年女性、年龄大、超重、肥胖、饮酒、吸烟、患高血压、患糖尿病、每日静坐时间大于6 h是秦皇岛市城区老年居民血脂异常的危险因素,建议发展秦皇岛市大健康产业,为秦皇岛市老年人群打造绿色生态医疗健康和老年养护基地,控制秦皇岛市老年居民血脂异常危险因素,减少血脂异常的患病率。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of dyslipidemia among elderly residents in Qinhuangdao City,and to provide the theoretical basis to formulate the policies for the prevention and control of dyslipidemia among the elderly in Qinhuangdao City.Methods Based on the questionnaire survey,physical examination and laboratory testing data of dyslipidemia among elderly residents aged 60 and above in five urban areas of Qinhuangdao City were selected by multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling method in 2023,the prevalence of dyslipidemia among elderly residents in Qinhuangdao City was analyzed.A univariate analysis was conducted on the dyslipidemia of elderly residents in Qinhuangdao City by using Chi-sqiare test method,and Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of dyslipidemia among elderly residents in Qinhuangdao City.The test level wasα=0.05.Results Effective investigation of6524 people,3522 men,accounting for 54.0%,and 3002 women,accounting for 46.0%.The age was(68.75±11.34)years old,and 2538 people with abnormal blood lipids were detected,with a detection rate of 38.9%.The detection rates of high TG,high TC,high LDC-L,and low HDL-C were 20.2%,10.5%,11.4%and 22.7%,respectively.The results of multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that females(OR=4.338,95%CI:1.396-2.183),65-69 years old(OR=5.609,95%CI:4.274-7.362),70-74 years old(OR=4.949,95%CI:3.873-6.323),75-79 years old(OR=2.028,95%CI:1.626-2.529),over 80 years old and above(OR=1.254,95%CI:1.00-1.558),education level of high school(OR=1.386,95%CI:1.202-1.598),education level of middle school or below(OR=1.392,95%CI:1.203-1.612).Overweight(OR=1.589,95%CI:1.38-1.83),obesity(OR=1.968,95%CI:1.695-2.284),drinking alcohol(OR=1.164,95%CI:1.020-1.328),smoking(OR=3.106,95%CI:2.535-3.804),hypertension(OR=1.746,95%CI:1.396-2.183),diabetes(OR=1.746,95%CI:1.396-2.183),sitting time≥6 hours per day(OR=1.279,95%CI:1.056-1.551)were the risk factors for dyslipidemia among elderly residents in Qinhuangdao City.Conclusions The detection rate of dyslipidemia among elderly residents in the urban area of Qinhuangdao City is at the average level in Hebei Province.The risk factors of dyslipidemia among the elderly residents in Qinhuangdao City are elderly women,older people,overweight,obesity,drinking,smoking,hypertension,diabetes and sit for more than 6 hours a day.It is suggested to develop Qinhuangdao's massive health industry and build a green ecological health care and elderly care base for the elderly population in Qinhuangdao City,in order to control the risk factors of dyslipidemia among elderly residents in Qinhuangdao City and reduce the incidence of dyslipidemia.