摘要
AS the world embarks on a path toward electrification and strives to achieve net-zero greenhouse gas emissions,the role of electrical machines becomes increasingly vital across various applications.The urgent need for decarbonization and improved energy efficiency has directed attention to rare-earth-free electrical machines as a promising solution.These technologies offer a sustainable alternative to permanent magnet-based machines,which rely heavily on rare earth materials like neodymium and dysprosium.The extraction and processing of these materials result in hazardous by-products that cause significant ecological harm,particularly near mining sites and refineries.