产业数字化:发展现状、作用机理及实现路径

Industrial Digitization:Development Status,Mechanisms and Realization Paths

产业数字化作为推动现代经济转型升级的重要力量,是塑造国家竞争优势和实现经济高质量发展的关键驱动力。产业数字化的总体规模稳步上升,并呈现技术驱动、数据主导、用户中心的特征,但存在区域、行业与国别差异。产业数字化正在多维度驱动经济和社会的深刻变革。微观层面,企业通过数字化提升效率并重塑竞争模式。中观层面,数字技术如大数据、云计算和人工智能,不仅优化产业结构,还加快产业融合与升级。宏观层面,产业数字化的广泛应用和消费需求的转变催生新业态与新模式,推动共享式发展。产业数字化转型仍然面临企业缺乏转型动力、发展不平衡、人才欠缺及数据资源共享程度低等现实挑战。为进一步促进产业数字化的发展,我国应完善顶层设计,推进数字基础设施建设,健全产业数字化领域的体制机制,布局垂直细分领域产业数字化人才培育体系。

As an important force driving the transformation and upgrading of the modern economy,industrial digitization is a key factor in shaping national competitive advantages and realizing high-quality economic development.The overall scale of industrial digitalization is steadily increasing,characterized by technology-driven,data-centric,and user-oriented features,yet there are differences across regions,industries,and countries.Industrial digitalization is driving profound changes in the economy and society on multiple levels.At the micro level,enterprises enhance efficiency and reshape competitive models through digitalization.At the meso level,digital technologies such as big data,cloud computing,and artificial intelligence not only optimize industrial structures but also accelerate industrial integration and upgrading.At the macro level,the widespread application of industrial digitalization and shifts in consumer demand are giving rise to new business models and new modes of development,fostering shared growth.However,the digital transformation of industries still faces practical challenges,such as a lack of motivation among enterprises to undergo transformation,uneven development,talent shortages,and low levels of data resource sharing.To further promote the development of industrial digitalization,it is essential to improve top-level design,advance the construction of digital infrastructure,establish sound systems and mechanisms in the field of industrial digitalization,and develop a talent cultivation system for industrial digitalization in specific vertical segments.