地铁域地下车站应急疏散影响因素研究

Research on the Influencing Factors of Emergency Evacuation in Underground Stations of Metro Systems

随着城市不断发展,轨道交通作为公共基础设施的便利性日益突出。地铁域地下车站应急疏散能力对城市轨道交通的安全、正常、低风险运营具有重要意义。地铁站是轨道交通的关键节点,由于大部分处于地下空间中,运营过程发生事故后的安全疏散更为困难。为了制定更加科学合理的地铁安全疏散方案,本文通过对国内外地铁域地下车站应急疏散相关研究进行深入分析,归纳了地下车站应急疏散主要影响因素。由于地下空间疏散涉及多学科、多领域的问题,论文从人员行为、地铁站设施、地铁站灾害等方面进行讨论和总结。通过比较国内外不同学者对地铁站应急疏散的研究,结合人、机、环境三要素提出现有研究存在的问题及解决策略,对今后地铁域地下车站应急预案的制定具有较好的参考价值。

With the continuous development of cities,the convenience of rail transit as a public infrastructure is increasingly prominent.The emergency evacuation capability of underground stations in subway areas is of great significance for the safe,normal,and low-risk operation of urban rail transit.Subway stations are key nodes in rail transit,and due to their mostly underground location,the safe evacuation after an accident during operation is more difficult.In order to develop a more scientific and reasonable subway emergency evacuation plan,this paper conducts an in-depth analysis of relevant research on emergency evacuation in underground stations in domestic and foreign subway areas and summarizes the main influencing factors of emergency evacuation in underground stations.Due to the multi-disciplinary and multi-disciplinary issues involved in evacuation in underground spaces,the paper discusses and summarizes the aspects of personnel behavior,subway station facilities,and subway station disasters.By comparing the research on emergency evacuation in subway stations by different scholars at home and abroad,combined with the three elements of human,machine,and environment,this paper proposes existing research problems and solution strategies,which have good reference value for the formulation of emergency plans for underground stations in subway areas in the future.