三个“败家子”茶事比论——《歧路灯》《儒林外史》《红楼梦》例举

A Comparative Study of the Tea Affairs of Three“Black Sheep”:Examples from Qi Lu Deng,The History of Confucianism,A Dream of Red Mansions

诞生于清中叶的三部小说《歧路灯》《儒林外史》《红楼梦》,其作者李绿园、吴敬梓、曹雪芹在相同的时段、不同的地域描写不同的人群,从不同角度反映着康乾盛世下的社会腐败现象。以作者为原型塑造的主人公谭绍闻、杜少卿、贾宝玉具有“败家子”的典型特征,考察主人公的茶事活动亦能体现不同的茶文化内涵。爬梳比较三位作者诗文集中的茶诗词,或多或少能暴露作者创作的斧痕,用茶文化观照三部小说的主人公,无疑为明清小说研究提供了新视角。

The three novels,Qi Lu Deng,The History of Confucianism,and A Dream of Red Mansions,written by Li Luyuan,Wu Jingzi,and Cao Xueqin respectively during the mid-Qing dynasty,reflect the social corruption from various perspectives within the same period but in different regions and among different social groups.The protagonists,Tan Shaowen,Du Shaoqing,and Jia Baoyu,who are modeled after the authors themselves,are archetypes of the“black sheep”and embody the distinct cultural connotations of tea.By examining the tea-related activities of the protagonists and comparing the tea poems in the poetry collections of the three authors,this study reveals the authors’creative marks and offers a new perspective on the study of novels in Ming and Qing dynasty.